INGLIZ TILI GRAMMATIKASI - Saytga o`tish

7. Past Participle to be fe’lining shakllari bilan birikib kelib majhul
nisbat shakllarini yasaydi: I am given menga berishadi, I was given menga
berishdi, I shall be given menga berishadi.
PERFECT PARTICIPLE PASSIVE
Perfect Participle Passive sabab va payt holi bo‘lib keladi va gapning
kesimidagi ish-harakatdan oldin sodir bo‘lgan ish-harakatni bildiradi:
Having been sent to the wrong ad- Xat noto‘g‘ri manzilga yuborildress
(= As the letter had been sent ga ni uchun, u(xat) unga yetib
to the wrong address) the letter bormadi.
didn’t reach him.
Having been dried and sorted (= Mollar quritilib hamda navlarga
Af ter the goods had been dried and ajratilgach omborga joylandi.
sorted) the goods were placed in a
warehouse.
Perfect Participle Passive ko‘pincha Present Participle Passive yoki
Past Participle bilan almashtiriladi:
Having been sent to the
wrong address …
= Being sent to the
wrong address…
71
= Sent to the wrong address
…
Izoh: Payt holini ifodalovchi Perfect Participle Passive o‘rnida ko‘pincha Passive
Gerund ishlatiladi:
Having been dried and sorted the goods
were placed in a warehouse.
= After being dried and sorted the goods
were placed in a warehouse.
HOZIRGI VA O‘TGAN ZAMON SIFATDOSHLARINING
ANIQLOVCHI BO‘LIB KELGANDA GAPDAGI O‘RNI
1. Present va Past Participle fe’llik xususiyatlarini butunlay yo‘qotib,
ma’nosi sifatga juda yaqinlashib qolganda aniqlovchi bo‘lib, otning ol-
didan keladi:
He sent me some illustrated cata-
logues.
U menga bir nechta suratli kataloglar
yubordi.
A broken cup lay on the table. Siniq piyola stolda yotardi.
2. Present va Past Participleda sifatlik xususiyati bo‘lmay, faqat
fe’llik xususiyatiga ega bo‘lsa, ular aniqlovchi bo‘lib otdan keyin
keladi va bu sifatdoshlarni aniqlovchi ergash gap bilan almashtirsa bo‘ladi: