INGLIZ TILI GRAMMATIKASI - Saytga o`tish

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to have dinner – ovqatlanmoq to have a rest – dam olmoq to have breakfast – nonushta qil- to have a walk – sayr qilmoq moq to have supper – kechki ovqatni to have a smoke – chekmoq yemoq to have a talk – gaplashmoq, muzo- to have a quarrel – janjallashkara olib bormoq moq to have a good time – vaqtni yaxshi o‘tkazmoq 9. Yuqoridagi iboralarning so‘roq va bo‘lishsiz shakllari Simple Present va Simple Pastda to do yordamchi fe’li yordamida yasaladi: When do you have dinner? Qachon tushlik qilasiz? Did you have a good rest last sum- O‘tgan yozda yaxshi dam oldinmer?gizmi? We didn’t have supper at home Biz kecha kechki ovqatni uyda yesterday. yemadik. 10. To have fe’li to yuklamali infi nitive bilan kelib, biror tashqi kuch ta’siridagi zaruratni ifodalaydi va majbur bo‘lmoq, to‘g‘ri kelmoq deb tarjima qilinadi: have has had + to + V shall have will have I have to get up early on Mondays. Dushanba kunlari men erta turishimga to‘g‘ri keladi. They had to go there. Ular u yerga borishga majbur bo‘lish di. He will have to do it. U buni qilishga majbur bo‘ladi. Izoh: Had to o‘tgan zamonda bajarilishi kerak bo‘lgan va bajarilgan ish-harakatni ifodalaydi. Simple Present va Simple Pastda to have fe’li zaruratni ifodalaganda so‘roq va bo‘lishsiz shakllari to do yordamchi fe’lining tegishli shakllari yordamida yasaladi: Do you have to write this exercise? Bu mashqni yozishingiz kerakmi? You don’t have to write this Sizga bu mashqni yozish shart exercise. emas. Did they have to go there? Ular u yerga borishlari kerak edimi? They didn’t have to go there. Ularning u yerga borishlari ga to‘g‘ ri kelmadi. 12
11. Og‘zaki nutqda have va has o‘rnida zaruratni ifodalashda have got, has got ham ishlatiladi: I’ve got (have got) to do it. Men buni qilishga majburman. He’s got (has got) to write it. U buni yozishi kerak. 12. To have fe’li to have + ot (yoki olmosh) + Past Participle birikmasida ishlatiladi va ish-harakat ega tomonidan emas, ega uchun boshqa shaxs tomonidan bajarilishini ifodalaydi: have has had + ot (olmosh) + P. P. shall have will have I have my hair cut at this hairdres- Men shu sartaroshxonada soch olser’s.diraman. I had my watch repaired yester- Kecha men soatimni tuzatdim. day. I shall have the letters posted im- Men xatlarni zudlik bilan jo‘namediately.taman. Bu birikmada Simple Present va Simple Pastning so‘roq va bo‘lishsiz shakllari to do fe’lining tegishli shakllari yordamida yasaladi: Do you have your hair cut at this hairdresser’s? I don’t have my hair cut at this hairdresser’s. Did you have the letters posted yesterday? I didn’t have the letters posted yesterday. 13. To have fe’li to have + ot (yoki olmosh) + to + V birikmasida ish latiladi va niyatni, maqsadni, xohishni ifodalaydi: I have something to tell you. Mening sizga aytadigan gapim bor. I have a new book to show you. Menda sizga ko‘rsatadigan yangi ki tob bor. So‘roq va bo‘lishsiz shakllari to do fe’lisiz yasaladi: Have you anything to tell me? I haven’t anything to tell you. Izoh: AQSHda to havening Simple Present va Simple Pastdagi so‘roq va bo‘lishsiz shakllari to do fe’lining shakllari yordamida yasaladi, Buyuk Britaniyada ham shunga moyillik bor. Does he have a good library? Unda yaxshi kutubxona bormi? I don’t have anything to show you. Menda sizga ko‘rsatadigan hech narsa yo‘q. 13
Page 1 and 2: O‘ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASI OLIY VA
Page 3 and 4: FE’L (THE VERB) Umumiy ma’lumot
Page 5 and 6: fe’llarning o‘tgan zamon va o
Page 7 and 8: 5. To be fe’li faqat ikkita davom
Page 9 and 10: To bening o‘tgan zamondagi shakll
Page 11: I haven’t a watch. Mening soatim
Page 15 and 16: Do come tonight. Bu oqshom albatta
Page 17 and 18: SHOULD 1. Should (shallning o‘tga
Page 19 and 20: Har ikkala ergash gap ham bir xil k
Page 21 and 22: I don’t understand why you should
Page 23 and 24: Would you tell me the time, please?
Page 25 and 26: He could (was able to) read French
Page 27 and 28: He may have left London. U Londonda
Page 29 and 30: I had to go there. Men u yerga bori
Page 31 and 32: The grass needs cutting. The televi
Page 33 and 34: ACTIVE INFINITIVE VA PASSIVE INFINI
Page 35 and 36: CONTINUOUS VA PERFECT CONTINUOUS IN
Page 37 and 38: I remembered to lock the door. Eshi
Page 39 and 40: I forbid you to tell him. Buni unga
Page 41 and 42: I like to go (going) to movies. Men
Page 43 and 44: tarkibida infi nitivli nominativ bo
Page 45 and 46: He proved to be a good worker. (= I
Page 47 and 48: 3. Gerund otga o‘xshab o‘zidan
Page 49 and 50: 2. Gapning kesimidagi ish-harakatda
Page 51 and 52: We are interested in buying your go
Page 53 and 54: Gerund bilan bir qatorda infi nitiv
Page 55 and 56: This offer is made subiect to re- S
Page 57 and 58: deny inkor etmoq discuss muhokama q
Page 59 and 60: It is of no use It is useless } It
Page 61 and 62: Gerundli iboralardagi ot yoki olmos
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SIFATDOSHLARNING YASALISHI 1. Prese
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SIFATDOSHNING ISHLATILISHI PRESENT
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Yuqoridagi sifatdoshli iboralarni e
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Being packed in strong cases (= As
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7. Past Participle to be fe’linin
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My sister having lost the key, we c
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We saw the engines being carefully
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ODDIY HOZIRGI (SIMPLE PRESENT) ZAMO
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dushan bada, in 1998 1998-yilda, du
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Og‘zaki nutqda quyidagi qisqartir
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HOZIRGI DAVOM ZAMONNING ISHLATILISH
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The Past Continuous Tense O‘tgan
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I was working in the library from t
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2. Future Continuous kelasi zamonda
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The Present Perfect Tense (Hozirgi
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5. Present Perfect since (biror vaq
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We had translated the article by fi
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We had come to an agreement on Siz
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2. Future Perfect ba’zan kelasi z
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2. Present Perfect Continuous hozir
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O‘TGAN TUGALLANGAN DAVOM ZAMONNIN
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he would have been working, we shou
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2. Majhul nisbatning bo‘lishsiz s
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Coal is produced in many districts
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Otlarning ko‘plikdagi shakli ikki
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A new glass works has been built ne
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His clothes were wet as he had Unin
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12. Ikkita qaratqich kelishigi (ega
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There were many students at the Maj
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My brother is an engineer. Mening a
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9. Noaniq artikl mavhum otlar oldid
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The workers who are discharging the
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The students of our Institute learn
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TURDOSH OTLAR OLDIDA ARTIKLNING ISH
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He is playing chess. U shaxmat o‘
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Alohida tog‘ cho‘qqilari artikl
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24. Aeroport va temir yo‘l stansi
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He had heart attack. Uning yuragi x
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The last they had heard of him was
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Most of the fl owers in the garden
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SIFAT (THE ADJECTIVE) Umumiy ma’l
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c) agar sifat undoshdan keyin kelga
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13. Sifatlarning ozroq yoki eng oz
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No sooner had we started out for Bi
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) -se, -ss qo‘shimchalari bilan t
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5. Hundred, thousand, million sonla
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Tartib son bilan kelgan ot oldidan
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Surat birdan katta son bo‘lganda,
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Where is Helen? — She is in the g
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5. O‘zbek tilida egalik olmoshlar
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3. This va these olmoshlari gapiruv
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SO‘ROQ OLMOSHLARI (INTERROGATIVE
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15. What qanday ma’nosida olmosh-
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The article that (which) I translat
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This is the book the professor refe
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Some of the fi rst-year students ar
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o‘lganda fe’l bo‘lishli shakl
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5. Much va many ega hamda egaga ani
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ALL OLMOSHI 1. All olmoshi olmosh-s
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Both these steamers were built in L
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2) Neither Men ham =Neither do I ib
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ONE OLMOSHI 1. One olmoshi olmosh-o
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RAVISH Umumiy ma’lumotlar 1. Ravi
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Has he read much? U ko‘p o‘qiga
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Are you going anywhere else after B
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Ayrim ravishlar ikki xil shaklga eg
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I work best in the morning. Men ert
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Before oldin, ilgari, lately yaqind
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He is looking at the child. U bolag
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About 1. haqida, to‘g‘risida: I
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They built a new bridge across the
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AMONG (AMONGST) orasida, o‘rtasid
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to be shocked (amazed, astonished)
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BELOW 1. ostida, past (antonimi abo
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3. -gacha (ish-harakat tamom bo‘l
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3. pastga (harakat fe’llari bilan
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I am for your proposal. Men sizning
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negotiations for uchun muzokaralar
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) -dan keyin: The train will be lea
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5. in predlogi bilan kelgan iborala
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I looked into the box, but there wa
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to remind of (about) -ni eslatmoq t
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I upset the bottle and it Men shish
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to get on yurishmoq, chiqishmoq, mu
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to drop out of tash- lamoq, -dan ch
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2. ko ‘p, ziyod, oshiq (antonimi
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2. O‘shandan buyon degan ma’nod
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to belong to -ga tegishli, qarashli
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He went to the shop. U do‘konga k
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to look up (lug‘atdan) qidirmoq I
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to supply (provide) with — bilan
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3. Without bilan kelgan iboralar: w
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subject to — bo‘lsa, sharti bil
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Izoh: Mustaqil sodda gaplarni bir-b
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unless agar, -masa I shall go there
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SHAKLI BIR-BIRIGA MOS KELADIGAN BOG
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SODDA GAP (THE SIMPLE SENTENCE) YIG
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IT SOXTA EGASI O‘zbek tilida Qish
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One should be careful when Yo‘lni
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Qo‘shma fe’l-kesim quyidagicha
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noaniq artikl bilan keladi, ko‘pl
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7. Agar ega jamlama otdan yasalgan
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IKKINCHI DARAJALI BO‘LAKLAR To‘
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it SOXTA TO‘LDIRUVCHISI Ba’zi t
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Bu gapdagi bridges egasining uchta
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4. Harakatning sodir bo‘lish saba
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Gapda predlogli vositali to‘ldiru
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I returned him the book which he ha
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2. Muallif gapi ko‘chirma gapdan
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7. So do I, Neither do I kabi gapla
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We found nobody (no one) at home. 2
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Darak gaplar Umumiy so‘roq gaplar
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Have you not seen him? Nahotki, uni
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How many? Nechta? How long? Qancha
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2. Eganing aniqlovchisiga berilgan
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MAXSUS SO‘ROQ GAPLARNING BO‘LIS
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At last you have returned! Nihoyat
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The book you gave me is very intere
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2. Ko‘pincha that bog‘lovchisi
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3. Ko‘chirma gapdagi kishilik va
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6. Ko‘chirma gapni o‘zlashtirma
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Agar ko‘chirma gap akasi ishlaydi
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He asked me, «What is the He asked
Page 309 and 310:
I know the man whom you mean. Kim h
Page 311 and 312:
6. Who olmoshi kamdan-kam hollarda
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As soon as we receive your telegram
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Bosh gapdagi kesim hozirgi yoki kel
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REAL SHART GAPLAR 1. Real shart gap
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3. Ish-harakatning yuz berish ehtim
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Why didn’t you tell me about it?
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2. Agar ergash gap that bog‘lovch
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WISH GAPLAR Wish noreal shart gapga
Page 327 and 328:
In all probability, the steamer wil
Page 329 and 330:
He said: «We agree to accept your
Page 331 and 332:
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE NOTO‘G‘RI
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MUNDARIJA FE‘L . . . . . . . . .
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Shakli bir-biriga mos keladigan bog
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INGLIZ TILI GRAMMATIKASI - Saytga o`tish

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