INGLIZ TILI GRAMMATIKASI - Saytga o`tish

2. Ko‘pincha that bog‘lovchisi ishlatilmaydi:
I know (that) he has returned. Men uning qaytib kelganini bilaman.
He said (that) Nodir felt tired. U Nodirning charchaganini aytdi.
3. To‘ldiruvchi ergash gaplar bosh gapdan vergul bilan ajratilmaydi.
EGA, KESIM VA TO‘LDIRUVCHI ERGASH GAPLARGA IZOH
1. Whose, whom, which, what, when, where, how, why so‘zlari bilan
bog‘langan ega, kesim va to‘ldiruvchi ergash gaplarda darak gaplarning
so‘z tartibi ishlatiladi. So‘roq gap tartibi faqat mustaqil so‘roq gaplarda
ishlatiladi:
How did he do it?
U buni qanday qildi?
(Mustaqil so‘roq gap.)
How he did it is diffi cult to say. U buni qanday qilganini
(Ega ergash gap).
He told me how he did it.
(To‘ldiruvchi ergash gap).
299
aytish qiyin.
U menga buni qanday qilganini
aytib berdi.
2. When bilan bog‘langan ega, kesim va to‘ldiruvchi ergash gaplarda
kelasi zamonning o‘rnida hozirgi zamon ishlatilmaydi. Faqat payt va
shart ergash gaplarda kelasi zamonning o‘rnida hozirgi zamon ishla tiladi:
When he will arrive
Uning qachon yetib kelishi hali
is not yet known.
noma’lum.
The question is when
Masala uning qachon yetib ke-
he will arrive.
He has told me when
he will arrive.
lishida.
U menga qachon yetib kelishini aytdi.
DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH (KO‘CHIRMA VA O‘ZLASHTIRMA GAPLAR)
1. Bir odamning gapini boshqa birovga o‘zgartirmasdan yetkazish
ko‘chirma gap deyiladi (Direct Speech).
Bir odamning gapini to‘ldiruvchi ergash gap yordamida faqat maz munini
yetkazish o‘zlashtirma gap deyiladi (Idirect Speech).
Ko‘chirma gap: O‘zlahshtirma gap:
He has said: «The ship will
arrive at the end of the week».
«Kema haftaning oxirida
keladi», dedi u.
He has said that the ship will arrive
at the end of the week.
U kemani haftaning oxirida ke lishini
aytdi.