INGLIZ TILI GRAMMATIKASI - Saytga o`tish

2. within masofada ma’nosida quyidagi birikmalarda ishlatiladi: within
reach (sight, hearing) yetish (ko‘rish, eshitish) masofasida; within
three miles of the station vokzaldan uch milya masofada.
FOR, DURING, IN, WITHIN PREDLOGLARINI TAQQOSLASH
For ish-harakat davom etadigan biror vaqt muddatini bildiradi va o‘z bek
tiliga davomida, muddatga deb tarjima qilinadi. Ba’zi hollarda u tushirib
qoldirilishi va o‘zbek tiliga tarjima qilinmasligi ham mumkin:
I lived there (for)
Men u yerda uch yil (davomida)
three years.
I shall stay there (for)
seven days.
244
yashadim.
Men u yerda yetti kun (muddatga)
qolmoqchiman.
During o‘zbek tiliga davomida, mobaynida deb tarjima qilinadi va
qachon? degan so‘roqqa javob bo‘ladi hamda biror vaqt mobaynida bajariladigan
bir yoki bir nechta ish-harakatni ko‘rsatadi:
During the last three months So‘nggi uch oy mobaynida u ne-
he has made great progress
mis tilidan katta muvaffaqiyatlarga
in German.
erishdi.
In -dan keyin, ichida deb tarjima qilinadi va qachon? degan so‘roqqa
javob bo‘ladi:
The construction of this plant
was completed in ten months.
Bu zavod qurilishi o‘n oy (ichi)da
tugatildi.
Within ichida, -dan kechikmasdan deb tarjima qilinadi:
I shall give you an answer
within three days.
WITHOUT PREDLOGI
Men sizga uch kundan kechiktirmasdan
javob beraman.
1. Without o‘zbek tilidagi -siz degan qo‘shimchaga to‘g‘ri keladi
(antonimi with):
I cannot do it without
your help.
Men buni sizning yordamingizsiz
bajara olmayman.
He went out without his hat. U shlapasiz chiqib ketdi.
2. Without ko‘pincha gerund bilan birgalikda bo‘lishsizlikni ifoda lash
uchun ishlatiladi va o‘zbek tiliga -masdan deb tarjima qilinadi:
He can speak English without U ingliz tilida birorta ham xato qil-
ma king any mistakes.
masdan gapira oladi.
I went out without waking him. Men uni uyg‘otmasdan tashqariga
chiqdim.