INGLIZ TILI GRAMMATIKASI - Saytga o`tish

5. Present Perfect since (biror vaqtdan hozirgacha) predlogi bilan ish-
latiladi:
I haven’t heard from him since
June.
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Men iyundan buyon u haqda
eshit ganim yo‘q.
He has known Mr. Bell since 1998. U mister Bellni 1998-yildan
buyon taniydi (biladi).
Since bog‘lovchisi bilan bog‘langan qo‘shma gapning bosh gapida
Present Perfect, ergash gapida Simple Past ishlatiladi:
I have only received two letters
from him since I came back from
London.
Men Londondan qaytib kelganimdan
buyon undan faqat ik-
kita xat oldim.
I haven’t heard from him since he U Toshkentdan ketganidan bu-
left Tashkent.
yon u haqda eshitganim yo‘q.
Since ravishi bo‘lgan gapda ham Present Perfect ishlatiladi:
He left Tashkent in 1998, and I haven’t seen him since.
6. Davom zamonda ishlatilmaydigan fe’llar bilan Present Perfect
Continuous o‘rnida Present Perfect ishlatiladi:
He has been here since two U soat ikkidan buyon shu yerda.
o’clock.
I have known him for three years. Men uni uch yil (davomida) taniyman.
Ba’zi fe’llar bilan ham Present Perfect ham Present Perfect Continuous
ishlatilishi mumkin:
I have lived in London for fi ve years
(yoki: I have been living in London
for fi ve years).
Men Londonda besh yil yashayapman.
7. after, when, as soon as, until (till), if bog‘lovchilari bilan bog‘lan gan
payt va shart ergash gaplarda Future Perfect o‘rnida Present Perfect ishlatiladi:
I shall go to the country as soon as I Men imtihonlarimni topshirgach
have passed my examinations.
qishloqqa boraman.
I’ll give you the book after I have Men kitobni o‘qib bo‘lganimdan
read it.
We shall start at fi ve o’clock if it has
stopped raining by that time.
keyin uni sizga beraman.
Agar yomg‘ir to‘xtasa, biz beshda
jo‘naymiz.