INGLIZ TILI GRAMMATIKASI - Saytga o`tish

To bening o‘tgan zamondagi shakllari was, were Simple Infi nitive bilan
kelganda kerak edi deb tarjima qilinadi va ish-harakatni o‘tgan zamonda
bajarish zaruratini ifodalaydi. Bu birikma shu ish-harakatning bajarilganbajarilmaganligiga
aniqlik kiritmaydi va bu butun gapdan ma’lum bo‘lishi
mumkin:
I was to send him a telegram, Men unga telegramma yubo ri shim
but I forgot.
The goods were to be delivered
at the end of the month.
9
kerak edi, lekin unutibman.
Mollar oyning oxirida yetkazib berilishi
kerak edi.
Was, were Perfect Infi nitive bilan kelganda o‘tgan zamonda bajarili shi
kerak bo‘lgan, lekin bajarilmagan ish-harakatni ifodalaydi:
Was
Bu yerda:
+ to + have + P.P. P. P. = Past Particiciple = O‘tgan
Were
zamon sifatdoshi.
I was to have fi nished my Men ishimni kecha tugatishim kerak
work yesterday.
edi.
Kelasi zamonda to be zaruratni ifodalash uchun ishlatilmaydi.
Izoh: To bedan keyin majhul nisbatning infi nitivi kelib, zaruratdan tashqari ehtimol likni
ham ifodalashi mumkin.
Such books are to be found in all Bunday kitoblar barcha kutubxonalardan
libraries.
topilishi mumkin.
Many new beautiful buildings are to be
seen in the streets of our town.
TO HAVE FE’LI
Shahrimiz ko‘chalarida ko‘p yangi
chiroyli binolarni ko‘rish mum kin.
1. To have fe’lining Simple Presentda ikkita shakli bor: 3-shaxs birlikda
has — he (she, it) has va qolganlar uchun have — I (we, you, they)
have.
2. To have fe’li faqat to have dinner, to have a talk kabi birikmalar da
kelganda davom zamonlarda ishlatiladi:
He was having dinner when I ca- Men kelganimda u ovqatlana yotme.
gan edi.
He is having a talk with his father U bog‘da otasi bilan suhbatin
the garden.
lashayapti.
3. To have fe’li yordamchi fe’l bo‘lib keladi va o‘tgan zamon sifatdo shi
(Past Partisiple) bilan birga kelib Perfect zamonlarni yasaydi.