INGLIZ TILI GRAMMATIKASI - Saytga o`tish

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Hol ergash gaplar (Adverbial clauses) 1. Hol ergash gaplar qo‘shma gapda turli hollarning vazifasini bajaradi. Ular payt ergash gaplar, o‘rin ergash gaplar, sabab ergash gaplar, natija ergash gaplar, ravish ergash gaplar, to‘siqsiz ergash gaplar, maq sad ergash gaplar va shart ergash gaplarga bo‘linadi. 2. Hol ergash gaplar qo‘shma gapning boshida kelganda bosh gap dan vergul bilan ajratiladi. PAYT ERGASH GAPLAR (ADVERBIAL CLAUSES OF TIME) 1. Payt ergash gaplar bosh gapga when, whenever, while, as, after, before, till, until, as soon as, as long as, since, by the time (that), directly va boshqa bog‘lovchilar yordamida bog‘lanadi: When we arrived at the port, the steamer was being loaded with grain. As I was going down the road, I met your sister. While we were discharging the vessel, we discovered a few bags damaged by sea water. After the agreement had been signed, the delegation left London. As soon as we received your telegram, we instructed our offi ce to prepare the goods for shipment. We haven’t had any news from him since he left Tashkent. I stayed at the custom-house until the goods had been examined. 312 Biz portga kelganimizda paroxodga g‘alla yuklanayotgan edi. Ko‘chadan ketayotganimda men opangizni uchratdim. Biz kemaning yukini tushirayot ganimizda dengiz suvidan zararlangan bir nechta qoplarni uchratdik. Bitim imzolangandan keyin delegatsiya Londonni tark etdi. Biz sizning telegrammangizni olishimiz bilan, ofi simizga mollarni yuklashga tayyorlash to‘g‘risida ko‘rsatma berdik. U Toshkentni tark etganidan buyon, undan biror xabar olganimiz yo‘q. Mollarni tekshirib bo‘lishmaguncha men bojxonada turdim. 2. Payt ergash gaplarda kelasi zamon ishlatilmaydi. Simple Future o‘rnida Simple Present, Future Continuous o‘rnida Present Continuous, Future Perfect o‘rnida Present Perfect ishlatiladi: The manager will ring you up when he comes. Menejer kelganida sizga qo‘ng‘iroq qiladi.
As soon as we receive your telegram, we shall instruct our offi ce to prepare the goods for shipment. While you are having dinner, I shall be reading the newspaper. I shall stay at the custom-house until the goods have been examined. 313 Biz sizning telegrammangizni olishimiz bilan, ofi simizga mollarni yuklashga tayyorlash to‘g‘risida ko‘rsatma beramiz. Siz tushlik qilayotganingizda men gazetani o‘qiyotgan bo‘laman. Mollarni tekshirib bo‘lishmaguncha men bojxonada turaman. Izoh: Till va untildan keyin ergash gapning fe’li bo‘lishli shaklda keladi: I shall stay here until (till) you return. Men siz qaytib kel(ma)guningizgacha shu yerda bo‘laman. Let us wait until the rain stops. Keling yomg‘ir to‘xtaguncha shu yerda kutamiz. Agar gapning ma’nosi bo‘lishsiz bo‘lsa, till va untildan keyin fe’l bo‘lishsiz shaklda ishlatilishi mumkin: He lay until he did not feel the pain any longer. U og‘riq sezilmay qolguncha yot di. O‘RIN ERGASH GAPLAR (ADVERBIAL CLAUSES OF PLACE) 1. O‘rin ergash gaplari bosh gap bilan where, wherever so‘zlari yordamida bog‘lanadi: I like to spend my leave where I can shoot. Men ta’tilimni ov qila oladigan joyda o‘tkazishni yoqtiraman. He went where the doctor sent him. U shifokor yuborgan joyga bordi. Wherever he went, he was welcome. SABAB ERGASH GAPLAR (ADVERBIAL CLAUSES OF CAUSE) U qayerga bormasin uni yaxshi kutib olishdi. Sabab ergash gaplari bosh gapga because, as, since, for, now that bog‘lovchilari yordamida bog‘lanadi: I went away because there U yerda hech kim bo‘lmaganligi was no one there. sababli men ketdim. As there were no porters, Hammollar bo‘lmaganligi sabab- we had to carry the luggage li, biz yuklarimizni o‘zimiz ko‘- ourselves. tarishimizga to‘g‘ri keldi.
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O‘ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASI OLIY VA
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FE’L (THE VERB) Umumiy ma’lumot
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fe’llarning o‘tgan zamon va o
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5. To be fe’li faqat ikkita davom
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To bening o‘tgan zamondagi shakll
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I haven’t a watch. Mening soatim
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11. Og‘zaki nutqda have va has o
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Do come tonight. Bu oqshom albatta
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SHOULD 1. Should (shallning o‘tga
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Har ikkala ergash gap ham bir xil k
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I don’t understand why you should
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Would you tell me the time, please?
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He could (was able to) read French
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He may have left London. U Londonda
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I had to go there. Men u yerga bori
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The grass needs cutting. The televi
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ACTIVE INFINITIVE VA PASSIVE INFINI
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CONTINUOUS VA PERFECT CONTINUOUS IN
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I remembered to lock the door. Eshi
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I forbid you to tell him. Buni unga
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I like to go (going) to movies. Men
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tarkibida infi nitivli nominativ bo
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He proved to be a good worker. (= I
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3. Gerund otga o‘xshab o‘zidan
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2. Gapning kesimidagi ish-harakatda
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We are interested in buying your go
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Gerund bilan bir qatorda infi nitiv
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This offer is made subiect to re- S
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deny inkor etmoq discuss muhokama q
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It is of no use It is useless } It
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Gerundli iboralardagi ot yoki olmos
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SIFATDOSHLARNING YASALISHI 1. Prese
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SIFATDOSHNING ISHLATILISHI PRESENT
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Yuqoridagi sifatdoshli iboralarni e
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Being packed in strong cases (= As
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7. Past Participle to be fe’linin
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My sister having lost the key, we c
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We saw the engines being carefully
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ODDIY HOZIRGI (SIMPLE PRESENT) ZAMO
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dushan bada, in 1998 1998-yilda, du
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Og‘zaki nutqda quyidagi qisqartir
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HOZIRGI DAVOM ZAMONNING ISHLATILISH
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The Past Continuous Tense O‘tgan
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I was working in the library from t
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2. Future Continuous kelasi zamonda
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The Present Perfect Tense (Hozirgi
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5. Present Perfect since (biror vaq
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We had translated the article by fi
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We had come to an agreement on Siz
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2. Future Perfect ba’zan kelasi z
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2. Present Perfect Continuous hozir
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O‘TGAN TUGALLANGAN DAVOM ZAMONNIN
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he would have been working, we shou
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2. Majhul nisbatning bo‘lishsiz s
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Coal is produced in many districts
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Otlarning ko‘plikdagi shakli ikki
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A new glass works has been built ne
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His clothes were wet as he had Unin
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12. Ikkita qaratqich kelishigi (ega
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There were many students at the Maj
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My brother is an engineer. Mening a
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9. Noaniq artikl mavhum otlar oldid
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The workers who are discharging the
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The students of our Institute learn
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TURDOSH OTLAR OLDIDA ARTIKLNING ISH
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He is playing chess. U shaxmat o‘
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Alohida tog‘ cho‘qqilari artikl
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24. Aeroport va temir yo‘l stansi
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He had heart attack. Uning yuragi x
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The last they had heard of him was
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Most of the fl owers in the garden
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SIFAT (THE ADJECTIVE) Umumiy ma’l
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c) agar sifat undoshdan keyin kelga
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13. Sifatlarning ozroq yoki eng oz
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No sooner had we started out for Bi
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) -se, -ss qo‘shimchalari bilan t
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5. Hundred, thousand, million sonla
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Tartib son bilan kelgan ot oldidan
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Surat birdan katta son bo‘lganda,
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Where is Helen? — She is in the g
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5. O‘zbek tilida egalik olmoshlar
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3. This va these olmoshlari gapiruv
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SO‘ROQ OLMOSHLARI (INTERROGATIVE
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15. What qanday ma’nosida olmosh-
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The article that (which) I translat
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This is the book the professor refe
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Some of the fi rst-year students ar
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o‘lganda fe’l bo‘lishli shakl
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5. Much va many ega hamda egaga ani
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ALL OLMOSHI 1. All olmoshi olmosh-s
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Both these steamers were built in L
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2) Neither Men ham =Neither do I ib
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ONE OLMOSHI 1. One olmoshi olmosh-o
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RAVISH Umumiy ma’lumotlar 1. Ravi
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Has he read much? U ko‘p o‘qiga
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Are you going anywhere else after B
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Ayrim ravishlar ikki xil shaklga eg
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I work best in the morning. Men ert
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Before oldin, ilgari, lately yaqind
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He is looking at the child. U bolag
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About 1. haqida, to‘g‘risida: I
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They built a new bridge across the
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AMONG (AMONGST) orasida, o‘rtasid
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to be shocked (amazed, astonished)
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BELOW 1. ostida, past (antonimi abo
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3. -gacha (ish-harakat tamom bo‘l
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3. pastga (harakat fe’llari bilan
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I am for your proposal. Men sizning
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negotiations for uchun muzokaralar
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) -dan keyin: The train will be lea
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5. in predlogi bilan kelgan iborala
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I looked into the box, but there wa
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to remind of (about) -ni eslatmoq t
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I upset the bottle and it Men shish
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to get on yurishmoq, chiqishmoq, mu
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to drop out of tash- lamoq, -dan ch
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2. ko ‘p, ziyod, oshiq (antonimi
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2. O‘shandan buyon degan ma’nod
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to belong to -ga tegishli, qarashli
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He went to the shop. U do‘konga k
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to look up (lug‘atdan) qidirmoq I
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to supply (provide) with — bilan
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3. Without bilan kelgan iboralar: w
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subject to — bo‘lsa, sharti bil
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Izoh: Mustaqil sodda gaplarni bir-b
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unless agar, -masa I shall go there
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SHAKLI BIR-BIRIGA MOS KELADIGAN BOG
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SODDA GAP (THE SIMPLE SENTENCE) YIG
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IT SOXTA EGASI O‘zbek tilida Qish
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One should be careful when Yo‘lni
Page 261 and 262: Qo‘shma fe’l-kesim quyidagicha
Page 263 and 264: noaniq artikl bilan keladi, ko‘pl
Page 265 and 266: 7. Agar ega jamlama otdan yasalgan
Page 267 and 268: IKKINCHI DARAJALI BO‘LAKLAR To‘
Page 269 and 270: it SOXTA TO‘LDIRUVCHISI Ba’zi t
Page 271 and 272: Bu gapdagi bridges egasining uchta
Page 273 and 274: 4. Harakatning sodir bo‘lish saba
Page 275 and 276: Gapda predlogli vositali to‘ldiru
Page 277 and 278: I returned him the book which he ha
Page 279 and 280: 2. Muallif gapi ko‘chirma gapdan
Page 281 and 282: 7. So do I, Neither do I kabi gapla
Page 283 and 284: We found nobody (no one) at home. 2
Page 285 and 286: Darak gaplar Umumiy so‘roq gaplar
Page 287 and 288: Have you not seen him? Nahotki, uni
Page 289 and 290: How many? Nechta? How long? Qancha
Page 291 and 292: 2. Eganing aniqlovchisiga berilgan
Page 293 and 294: MAXSUS SO‘ROQ GAPLARNING BO‘LIS
Page 295 and 296: At last you have returned! Nihoyat
Page 297 and 298: The book you gave me is very intere
Page 299 and 300: 2. Ko‘pincha that bog‘lovchisi
Page 301 and 302: 3. Ko‘chirma gapdagi kishilik va
Page 303 and 304: 6. Ko‘chirma gapni o‘zlashtirma
Page 305 and 306: Agar ko‘chirma gap akasi ishlaydi
Page 307 and 308: He asked me, «What is the He asked
Page 309 and 310: I know the man whom you mean. Kim h
Page 311: 6. Who olmoshi kamdan-kam hollarda
Page 315 and 316: Bosh gapdagi kesim hozirgi yoki kel
Page 317 and 318: REAL SHART GAPLAR 1. Real shart gap
Page 319 and 320: 3. Ish-harakatning yuz berish ehtim
Page 321 and 322: Why didn’t you tell me about it?
Page 323 and 324: 2. Agar ergash gap that bog‘lovch
Page 325 and 326: WISH GAPLAR Wish noreal shart gapga
Page 327 and 328: In all probability, the steamer wil
Page 329 and 330: He said: «We agree to accept your
Page 331 and 332: SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE NOTO‘G‘RI
Page 333 and 334: MUNDARIJA FE‘L . . . . . . . . .
Page 335 and 336: Shakli bir-biriga mos keladigan bog
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INGLIZ TILI GRAMMATIKASI - Saytga o`tish

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