INGLIZ TILI GRAMMATIKASI - Saytga o`tish

3. Gerund otga o‘xshab o‘zidan oldin predlog olishi mumkin, egalik
olmoshi yoki qaratqich kelishigidagi ot bilan kelishi mumkin:
Tom left without fi nishing his Tom ovqatini yeb bo‘lmasdan
dinner.
chiqib ketdi.
We insisted on their chartering a Biz ulardan zudlik bilan kema
vessel at once.
yollashlarini talab qildik.
We objected to the buyer’s paying Biz xaridorlarning yuk haqining
only part of the invoice amount. faqat bir qismini to‘lashiga e’tiroz
bildirdik.
4. Gerund fe’li quyidagi xususiyatlarga ega:
a) gerund vositasiz to‘ldiruvchi olishi mumkin:
I remember reading this book. Men bu kitobni o‘qiganimni eslayman.
b) gerund ravish bilan aniqlanishi mumkin:
He likes reading aloud. U ovoz chiqarib o‘qishni yoqtiradi.
c) gerund zamon va nisbat shakllariga ega bo‘ladi:
Simple
Perfect
reading
having read
Active Passive
47
being read
having been read
ODDIY NISBATDAGI GERUND (ACTIVE GERUND) VA MAJHUL
NISBATDAGI GERUND (PASSIVE GERUND)
1. Gerund ma’lum shaxs yoki buyumga qarashli bo‘lmagan ish-hara katni
ifodalashi mumkin:
Swimmimg is a good exercise. Suzish – yaxshi mashq.
Lekin ko‘pincha gerund ifodalagan ish-harakat ma’lum shaxs yoki
buyumga qarashli bo‘ladi:
Tom left without fi nishing his dinner.
(fi nishing Tomga – egaga qa-
Tom ovqatini yeb bo‘lmasdan
chiqib ketdi..
rashli).
Thank you for coming (coming
to‘ldiruvchi youga qarashli).
Kelganingiz uchun rahmat.
2. Gerund ifodalagan ish-harakat u qarashli bo‘lgan shaxs yoki bu yum
tomonidan bajarilsa, Active Gerund ishlatiladi:
He likes inviting his friends to his U do‘stlarini uyiga taklif qilishni
house.
yoqtiradi.
I remember having shown her the Men unga xatni ko‘rsatganimni
letter.
eslayman.
He entered the room without noti- U xonaga Keytni payqamay kirib
cing Kate.
keldi.