INGLIZ TILI GRAMMATIKASI - Saytga o`tish

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9. Whose kimning olmosh-sifat bo‘lib keladi va otning ko‘rsatkichi bo‘lganligi uchun, whosedan keyin kelgan ot artikl bilan ishlailmaydi, chunki bitta ot oldida faqat bitta ko‘rsatkich ishlatilishi mumkin: Whose dictionary is this? Bu kimning lug‘ati? Whose book did you take? Siz kimning kitobini oldingiz? 10. What olmosh-ot va olmosh-sifat bo‘lib keladi. 11. What nima, qancha olmosh-ot bo‘lib kelganda gapda ega, to‘ldiruvchi va ot-kesim tarkibida keladi: What has happened? Nima bo‘ldi? What have you brought? Nima olib keldingiz? What is the population of that town? U shaharning aholisi qancha? What ega bo‘lib kelganda undan keyin kelgan fe’l birlikda keladi: What has happened? Nima bo‘ldi? What is lying on the table? Stol ustida nima yotibdi? 12. What ot-kesim bo‘lib kelganda bog‘lovchi-fe’l ega bilan shaxs va sonda moslashadi: What is the price for wheat? Bug‘doyning narxi qancha? What are the prices for wheat Bug‘doy va arpaning narxlari qan- and barley? cha? What are the results of the Imtihon natijalari qanday? examination? 13. What odamlarga nisbatan ularning kasbi yoki mansabi so‘ralgan da ishlatiladi: What is he? U kim? What is your daughter? —She is an Engish teacher. 166 Qizingiz kim (nima ish qiladi?) — U ingliz tili o‘qituvchisi. Izoh: Savol kishining ismi yoki sharifi ni bilish maqsadida berilgan bo‘lsa who ishla tiladi: Who is he? — He is Olimov. 14. What istagan predlog bilan ishlatilishi mumkin. Predlog whatdan oldin, fe’ldan keyin, agar to‘ldiruvchi bo‘lsa, to‘ldiruvchidan keyin qo‘yilishi mumkin: By what is this engine driven? Bu motor nima bilan yuradi? With what did you cut it? Siz uni nima bilan kesdingiz? About what was he speaking to U sizga nima haqda gapirayotgan you? edi? At what are you working? Siz nima ustida ishlayapsiz? What was he speaking to you about? What are you working at?
15. What qanday ma’nosida olmosh-sifat bo‘lib keladi, otning ko‘rsatkichi bo‘lganligi uchun, whatdan keyin kelgan ot oldida artikl ishlatilmay di, chunki bitta ot oldida faqat bitta ko‘rsatkich ishlatilishi mumkin: What question did he ask? U qanday savol so‘radi? What books did you buy? Siz qanday kitoblar sotib oldingiz? 16. Which qaysi olmosh-sifat va olmosh-ot bo‘lib keladi. Which olmoshsifat bo‘lganda otga ko‘rsatkich bo‘ladi va undan keyin kelgan ot artiklsiz ishlatiladi: Which chapter did you like best? Qaysi bob sizga ko‘proq yoqdi? Which metal is heavier: copper or Qaysi metall og‘irroq; mismi yoki iron? temirmi? Which student in your group Guruhingizdagi qaysi talaba ham- works hardest of all? madan qattiq ishlaydi? Here are two books. Which would Mana ikkita kitob. Qaysi biri sizga you like? yoqa di? Which of you speaks French? Qaysingiz fransuzcha gapirasiz? Which do you prefer to learn: Qaysini o‘rganishni afzal ko‘rasiz: French or English? fransuzchanimi yoki inglizchani? NISBIY OLMOSHLAR (RELATIVE PRONOUNS) 1. Nisbiy olmoshlar ergash gaplarni bosh gaplar bilan bog‘lash uchun xizmat qiladi. Ular bog‘lovchi so‘zlardir. Lekin ular bog‘lovchi so‘zlarga o‘xshab faqatgina ergash gaplarni bosh gaplar bilan bog‘lab qolmasdan, ergash gapda gap bo‘lagi ham bo‘lib keladi. 2. Ega, kesim va to‘ldiruvchi ergash gaplarni bosh gaplar bilan bog‘ lash uchun who (whom), whose, what, which nisbiy olmoshlari ishlatiladi. Bu olmoshlar so‘roq olmoshlariga o‘xshaydi, lekin ular so‘roq gap yasamasdan, ergash gaplarni bosh gaplarga bog‘lash uchun xizmat qiladi: Who has done it is unknown. Buni kim qilganligi noma’lum. I do not know which of them Men ularning qaysi biri fransuz cha speaks French. gapirishini bilmayman. That is not what I want. Bu men istagan narsa emas. 3. Aniqlovchi ergash gaplarni bosh gaplar bilan bog‘lash uchun who, (whom), whose, which va that nisbiy olmoshlari ishlatiladi: The man who is sitting next to Mr. Janob A.ning yonida o‘tirgan kishi A. is my English teacher. mening ingliz tili o‘qituvchim. The watch that I lost was a very Men yo‘qotgan soat juda yaxshi good one. soat edi. 167
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O‘ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASI OLIY VA
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FE’L (THE VERB) Umumiy ma’lumot
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fe’llarning o‘tgan zamon va o
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5. To be fe’li faqat ikkita davom
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To bening o‘tgan zamondagi shakll
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I haven’t a watch. Mening soatim
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11. Og‘zaki nutqda have va has o
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Do come tonight. Bu oqshom albatta
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SHOULD 1. Should (shallning o‘tga
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Har ikkala ergash gap ham bir xil k
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I don’t understand why you should
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Would you tell me the time, please?
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He could (was able to) read French
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He may have left London. U Londonda
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I had to go there. Men u yerga bori
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The grass needs cutting. The televi
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ACTIVE INFINITIVE VA PASSIVE INFINI
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CONTINUOUS VA PERFECT CONTINUOUS IN
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I remembered to lock the door. Eshi
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I forbid you to tell him. Buni unga
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I like to go (going) to movies. Men
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tarkibida infi nitivli nominativ bo
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He proved to be a good worker. (= I
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3. Gerund otga o‘xshab o‘zidan
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2. Gapning kesimidagi ish-harakatda
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We are interested in buying your go
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Gerund bilan bir qatorda infi nitiv
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This offer is made subiect to re- S
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deny inkor etmoq discuss muhokama q
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It is of no use It is useless } It
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Gerundli iboralardagi ot yoki olmos
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SIFATDOSHLARNING YASALISHI 1. Prese
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SIFATDOSHNING ISHLATILISHI PRESENT
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Yuqoridagi sifatdoshli iboralarni e
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Being packed in strong cases (= As
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7. Past Participle to be fe’linin
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My sister having lost the key, we c
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We saw the engines being carefully
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ODDIY HOZIRGI (SIMPLE PRESENT) ZAMO
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dushan bada, in 1998 1998-yilda, du
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Og‘zaki nutqda quyidagi qisqartir
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HOZIRGI DAVOM ZAMONNING ISHLATILISH
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The Past Continuous Tense O‘tgan
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I was working in the library from t
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2. Future Continuous kelasi zamonda
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The Present Perfect Tense (Hozirgi
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5. Present Perfect since (biror vaq
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We had translated the article by fi
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We had come to an agreement on Siz
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2. Future Perfect ba’zan kelasi z
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2. Present Perfect Continuous hozir
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O‘TGAN TUGALLANGAN DAVOM ZAMONNIN
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he would have been working, we shou
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2. Majhul nisbatning bo‘lishsiz s
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Coal is produced in many districts
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Otlarning ko‘plikdagi shakli ikki
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A new glass works has been built ne
Page 115 and 116: His clothes were wet as he had Unin
Page 117 and 118: 12. Ikkita qaratqich kelishigi (ega
Page 119 and 120: There were many students at the Maj
Page 121 and 122: My brother is an engineer. Mening a
Page 123 and 124: 9. Noaniq artikl mavhum otlar oldid
Page 125 and 126: The workers who are discharging the
Page 127 and 128: The students of our Institute learn
Page 129 and 130: TURDOSH OTLAR OLDIDA ARTIKLNING ISH
Page 131 and 132: He is playing chess. U shaxmat o‘
Page 133 and 134: Alohida tog‘ cho‘qqilari artikl
Page 135 and 136: 24. Aeroport va temir yo‘l stansi
Page 137 and 138: He had heart attack. Uning yuragi x
Page 139 and 140: The last they had heard of him was
Page 141 and 142: Most of the fl owers in the garden
Page 143 and 144: SIFAT (THE ADJECTIVE) Umumiy ma’l
Page 145 and 146: c) agar sifat undoshdan keyin kelga
Page 147 and 148: 13. Sifatlarning ozroq yoki eng oz
Page 149 and 150: No sooner had we started out for Bi
Page 151 and 152: ) -se, -ss qo‘shimchalari bilan t
Page 153 and 154: 5. Hundred, thousand, million sonla
Page 155 and 156: Tartib son bilan kelgan ot oldidan
Page 157 and 158: Surat birdan katta son bo‘lganda,
Page 159 and 160: Where is Helen? — She is in the g
Page 161 and 162: 5. O‘zbek tilida egalik olmoshlar
Page 163 and 164: 3. This va these olmoshlari gapiruv
Page 165: SO‘ROQ OLMOSHLARI (INTERROGATIVE
Page 169 and 170: The article that (which) I translat
Page 171 and 172: This is the book the professor refe
Page 173 and 174: Some of the fi rst-year students ar
Page 175 and 176: o‘lganda fe’l bo‘lishli shakl
Page 177 and 178: 5. Much va many ega hamda egaga ani
Page 179 and 180: ALL OLMOSHI 1. All olmoshi olmosh-s
Page 181 and 182: Both these steamers were built in L
Page 183 and 184: 2) Neither Men ham =Neither do I ib
Page 185 and 186: ONE OLMOSHI 1. One olmoshi olmosh-o
Page 187 and 188: RAVISH Umumiy ma’lumotlar 1. Ravi
Page 189 and 190: Has he read much? U ko‘p o‘qiga
Page 191 and 192: Are you going anywhere else after B
Page 193 and 194: Ayrim ravishlar ikki xil shaklga eg
Page 195 and 196: I work best in the morning. Men ert
Page 197 and 198: Before oldin, ilgari, lately yaqind
Page 199 and 200: He is looking at the child. U bolag
Page 201 and 202: About 1. haqida, to‘g‘risida: I
Page 203 and 204: They built a new bridge across the
Page 205 and 206: AMONG (AMONGST) orasida, o‘rtasid
Page 207 and 208: to be shocked (amazed, astonished)
Page 209 and 210: BELOW 1. ostida, past (antonimi abo
Page 211 and 212: 3. -gacha (ish-harakat tamom bo‘l
Page 213 and 214: 3. pastga (harakat fe’llari bilan
Page 215 and 216: I am for your proposal. Men sizning
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negotiations for uchun muzokaralar
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) -dan keyin: The train will be lea
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5. in predlogi bilan kelgan iborala
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I looked into the box, but there wa
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to remind of (about) -ni eslatmoq t
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I upset the bottle and it Men shish
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to get on yurishmoq, chiqishmoq, mu
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to drop out of tash- lamoq, -dan ch
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2. ko ‘p, ziyod, oshiq (antonimi
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2. O‘shandan buyon degan ma’nod
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to belong to -ga tegishli, qarashli
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He went to the shop. U do‘konga k
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to look up (lug‘atdan) qidirmoq I
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to supply (provide) with — bilan
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3. Without bilan kelgan iboralar: w
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subject to — bo‘lsa, sharti bil
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Izoh: Mustaqil sodda gaplarni bir-b
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unless agar, -masa I shall go there
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SHAKLI BIR-BIRIGA MOS KELADIGAN BOG
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SODDA GAP (THE SIMPLE SENTENCE) YIG
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IT SOXTA EGASI O‘zbek tilida Qish
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One should be careful when Yo‘lni
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Qo‘shma fe’l-kesim quyidagicha
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noaniq artikl bilan keladi, ko‘pl
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7. Agar ega jamlama otdan yasalgan
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IKKINCHI DARAJALI BO‘LAKLAR To‘
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it SOXTA TO‘LDIRUVCHISI Ba’zi t
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Bu gapdagi bridges egasining uchta
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4. Harakatning sodir bo‘lish saba
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Gapda predlogli vositali to‘ldiru
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I returned him the book which he ha
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2. Muallif gapi ko‘chirma gapdan
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7. So do I, Neither do I kabi gapla
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We found nobody (no one) at home. 2
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Darak gaplar Umumiy so‘roq gaplar
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Have you not seen him? Nahotki, uni
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How many? Nechta? How long? Qancha
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2. Eganing aniqlovchisiga berilgan
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MAXSUS SO‘ROQ GAPLARNING BO‘LIS
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At last you have returned! Nihoyat
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The book you gave me is very intere
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2. Ko‘pincha that bog‘lovchisi
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3. Ko‘chirma gapdagi kishilik va
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6. Ko‘chirma gapni o‘zlashtirma
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Agar ko‘chirma gap akasi ishlaydi
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He asked me, «What is the He asked
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I know the man whom you mean. Kim h
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6. Who olmoshi kamdan-kam hollarda
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As soon as we receive your telegram
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Bosh gapdagi kesim hozirgi yoki kel
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REAL SHART GAPLAR 1. Real shart gap
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3. Ish-harakatning yuz berish ehtim
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Why didn’t you tell me about it?
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2. Agar ergash gap that bog‘lovch
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WISH GAPLAR Wish noreal shart gapga
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In all probability, the steamer wil
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He said: «We agree to accept your
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SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE NOTO‘G‘RI
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MUNDARIJA FE‘L . . . . . . . . .
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Shakli bir-biriga mos keladigan bog
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INGLIZ TILI GRAMMATIKASI - Saytga o`tish

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