INGLIZ TILI GRAMMATIKASI - Saytga o`tish

4. Harakatni (qatnovni) ifodalaydigan to leave jo‘namoq, tark etmoq, to
start jo‘namoq, to sail suzib ketmoq, to return qaytib kelmoq, to arrive
yetib kelmoq, to go bormoq, to come kelmoq kabi fe’llar bilan Simple
Present kelasi zamondagi ish-harakatni ifodalaydi. Bunda kelasi zamonni
ko‘rsatuvchi payt holi bo‘lishi kerak:
Does your brother arrive on Mon-
day?
Akangiz dushanba kuni yetib keladimi?
The steamer sails tomorrow. Paroxod ertaga suzib ketadi.
THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE (ODDIY O‘TGAN ZAMON )
ODDIY O‘TGAN ZAMONNING YASALISHI
1. Simple Pastni yasashda to‘g‘ri fe’llarning o‘zagiga -ed qo‘shimchasi
qo‘shiladi: to work — I worked, to live — I lived, to expect — I expected.
-ed qo‘shimchasi [d], [t] yoki [id] deb o‘qiladi: lived, worked, expected.
Noto‘g‘ri fe’llarning Simple Pastdagi shakli turli yo‘llar bilan yasaladi:
to speak – spoke; to begin – began; to sell – sold; to lose – lost.
2. Simple Pastning bo‘lishsiz shakli fe’lning asosiy shaklidan oldin did
yordamchi fe’li va not inkor yuklamasini qo‘yish bilan yasaladi:
Ega + did + not + V
Bu yerda V-fe’lning o‘zagi, to yuklamasisiz kelgan infi nitiv.
I did not work. He did not work. I did not speak. He did not speak.
3. Simple Pastning so‘roq shakli eganing oldiga did yordamchi fe’lini va
egadan keyin asosiy fe’lning o‘zagini qo‘yish bilan yasaladi:
Did + ega + V?
Did I work? Did he work? Did I speak? Did he speak?
ODDIY O‘TGAN ZAMONNING ISHLATILISHI
1. Simple Past o‘tgan zamonda sodir bo‘lgan ish-hrakatni ifodalash
uchun ishlatiladi. Bu zamon o‘tgan zamonda sodir bo‘lgan voqealarni hikoya
qilishda ishlatiladi.
2. Simple Past yesterday kecha, last week o‘tgan hafta, an hour ago
bir soat ilgari, the other day shu kunlarda, o‘tgan kunlarda, on Monday
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