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215 L3 番 BAN number, guard, turn (in sequence) 12 strokes JUNBANorder, turn BANNINwatchman ICHIBANnumber one Bronze ; generally taken as 63 ‘field’, with as both phonetic and semantic element, meaning ‘hand holding/scattering seed’. Tōdō, while noting the Shuowen analysis (favored by Shirakawa), which – based on the seal form – interprets as ‘claws of a beast’ and as ‘paw underpad’, includes the underlying word for this graph in a word-family meaning ‘spread out’, with particular sense ‘scatter seed’. The meanings ‘turn; number; guard’ represent loan usage. MS1995:v2:882-3; KJ1970:780; YK1976:420; TA1965:654-6; SS1984:706. We suggest taking the upper element as ‘rice plant’ 220 with an extra leaf. Mnemonic: GUARD NUMBERS OF EX- TRA-LEAVED RICE-PLANTS IN FIELD 216 L5 父 FU, chichi father 4 strokes FUBOparents otōsama*Father chichioyafather OBI . Commentators agree this depicts a hand holding a stone ax. Use in the sense ‘father/ male relative of father’s generation’ represents a loan usage. MS1995:v2:820-22; KJ1970:824-5; YK1976:431-2; MR2007:267; AS2007:243. Mnemonic: FATHER IS CROSS ABOUT TWO LITTLE THINGS 217 L5 風 FŪ, FU, kaze wind, style 9 strokes FŪSENballoon kamikazedivine wind WAFŪJapanese-style Some variation in OBI forms (e.g. , ), but generally taken to show a phoenix or other large bird (modern ), often with a phonetic element corresponding to modern 1993. Fierce winds, including typhoons, were perceived in ancient times as a harmful bird bringing danger, so already at the OBI stage this ‘bird graph’ was adopted as a loan for strong winds, and winds in general. In seal script, ‘bird’ was replaced by ‘insect, reptile’ 60, another harmful entity, as in the modern graph. The phonetic element may be onomatopoeic for the sound of a typhoon (Mizukami), or have an associated meaning ‘big’ (Yamada), or ‘shake’ (Tōdō). MS1995:v2:1452-3,1496-7; YK1976:435- 6; TA1965:825-9. Mnemonic: STYLISH INSECT GETS BLOWN BY THE WIND 218 L5 分 BUN, FUN, BU, wakaru/keru/katsu divide, minute, understand 4 strokes BUNSHImolecule IPPUNone minute wakariunderstanding Has 198 ‘knife/cut’, and 70 ‘divide’, the latter as both semantic and phonetic, meaning ‘cut in two’; a member of Tōdō’s word-family ‘cut in two’. MS1995:v1:124-5; KJ1970:256; TA1965:726-9. Mnemonic: UNDERSTAND THAT ONE CAN DIVIDE BY CUTTING IN TWO The 160 Second Grade Characters 99
219 L5 聞 BUN, MON, kiku/koeru hear, ask, listen 14 strokes SHINBUNnewspaper CHŌMONa hearing kikichigaimishearing OBI has ‘person’ with hand to exaggeratedly large ‘ear’: parallel formational construction is found with 20 ‘see’. Bronze script then shows some variation, and seal script becomes standardized as 31 ‘ear’ with 231 (‘door’/ ‘gate’) as phonetic with associated sense ‘distinguish’. The other meaning ‘ask’ (a word with slightly different pronunciation from ‘hear’ in early Chinese) might represent a loan usage. MS1995:v2:1060-61; KJ1970:834-5; YK1976:442; MR2007:459; AS2007:514. Mnemonic: AN EAR AT THE DOOR MEANS SOMEONE IS LISTENING 220 米 BEI, MAI, kome rice, America L3 6 strokes BEIKAprice of rice BEIKOKUAmerica HAKUMAIwhite rice OBI , based on pictograph of ears of grain. Katō takes the horizontal line as chaff. The graph now stands for ‘rice’, but disputed whether originally rice grains were represented, or millet. The sense ‘America’ is based on an old on reading ME, formerly used to write AMERIKA. KJ1970:840-41; YK1976:444-5; SS1984:765-6. Mnemonic: GRAIN-LADEN AMERICAN RICE PLANTS 221 歩 HO, BU, aruku, ayumu walk, rate L4 8 strokes SHINPOprogress BUairatio arukidasustart walking Traditional form is . The most complete OBI graph has ‘crossroads’ with ‘left foot’ and ‘right foot’, to represent ‘walk’. KJ1970:156; MS1995:v1:703-4; YK1976:449. We suggest taking the modern graph as ‘foot/stop’ 143 (q.v.) and ‘few’ 160. Mnemonic: FOOT STOPS AFTER JUST A FEW PACES OF WALKING 222 母 BO, haha mother L5 5 strokes BOSEImaternity okāsama*Mother hahaoyamother OBI forms onwards are based on pictograph of woman 37 with exaggerated breasts and nipples. KJ1970:859; YK1976:451; SS1984:780-81. Mnemonic: A MOTHER IS A WOMAN WITH PROMINENT NIPPLES 223 L4 方 4 HŌ, kata side, way, person, direction, square strokes HŌGAKUdirection oyakataboss mikataway of looking The OBI form appears generally to be taken as based on a pictograph of a plowshare. All modern meanings are loan usages. MR2007:395-6; KJ1970:762-3; YK1976:452. Mnemonic: PLOW OFF TO ONE SIDE – THAT’S THE DIRECTION 100 The 160 Second Grade Characters
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THE COMPLETE GUIDE TO Japanese Kanj
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Published by Tuttle Publishing, an
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The 80 First-Grade Characters......
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Acknowledgments Thanks are due to O
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writing brush, and then incised. Wr
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1.5 Cursive Script Forms While the
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5) ‘semantic-phonetic compounds
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alternative etymologies for the sam
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集韻 Jiyun (Collected Rhymes; J.
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text in reverse, then the blocks we
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eflects the reality that in this bo
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compound characters, in the form ),
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Limitations of This Book This book
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that the word kuruma ‘vehicle’
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Hiragana and Katakana and Their Sou
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Hiragana Katakana HO from HO from
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The 214 Determinatives (or ‘Radic
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No. English Alternative forms/nickn
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4. However, in a few cases vertical
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Editorial and Typographical Matters
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THE KANJI
Page 50 and 51: 6 L4 音 ON, IN, oto, ne sound 9
Page 52 and 53: 14 休 KYŪ, yasumu rest(ing) L5 6
Page 54 and 55: 23 L5 校 KŌ school, check 10 stro
Page 56 and 57: 33 L5 車 SHA, kuruma vehicle 7
Page 58 and 59: 43 L4 GAKUSEI student ISSH
Page 60 and 61: 51 L5 52 L4 先 SEN, saki prior,
Page 62 and 63: 59 L5 中 4 CHŪ, naka middle, insi
Page 64 and 65: 68 年 NEN, toshi year L5 6 strokes
Page 66 and 67: 76 L5 目 5 MOKU, me, ma eye, look,
Page 68 and 69: 85 遠 EN, tōi distant L4 13 strok
Page 70 and 71: 93 L5 会 KAI, E, au meet 6 stro
Page 72 and 73: 101 L3 丸 3 GAN, maru, marui round
Page 74 and 75: 110 L4 111 L4 京 KYŌ, KEI c
Page 76 and 77: 118 L5 言 GEN, GON, koto, iu wo
Page 78 and 79: 126 L3 公 KŌ, ōyake public, fair
Page 80 and 81: 134 合 GŌ, KATSU, au/waseru Alter
Page 82 and 83: 142 L3 算 SAN reckon, count 14
Page 84 and 85: 150 L4 自 JI, SHI, mizukara sel
Page 86 and 87: 158 春 SHUN, haru of ‘forest’.
Page 88 and 89: 166 L4 親 SHIN, oya, shitashii
Page 90 and 91: 174 L3 雪 SETSU, yuki snow 11 stro
Page 92 and 93: 182 L4 体 TAI, TEI, karada body 7
Page 94 and 95: 190 L4 鳥 CHŌ, tori bird 11 st
Page 96 and 97: 199 冬 TŌ, fuyu winter L4 5 strok
Page 98 and 99: 207 L3 内 NAI, DAI, uchi inside
Page 102 and 103: 224 L5 北 HOKU, kita north, fle
Page 104 and 105: 233 L4 234 L5 野 YA, no moor
Page 106 and 107: THE 200 THIRD GRADE CHARACTERS 241
Page 108 and 109: 249 L4 院 IN institute 10 strok
Page 110 and 111: 258 L3 HENKAchange KESHŌmake-u
Page 112 and 113: 267 L3 岸 GAN, kishi bank, shor
Page 114 and 115: 276 L4 去 KYO, KO, saru go, leave,
Page 116 and 117: 285 L3 君 KUN, kimi lord, you, Mr
Page 118 and 119: 294 向 KŌ, muku/keru/kau/kō turn
Page 120 and 121: 303 L4 使 SHI, tsukau use, serv
Page 122 and 123: 311 L3 式 SHIKI ceremony, form 6 s
Page 124 and 125: 319 受 JU, ukeru receive L3 8 stro
Page 126 and 127: 327 L3 宿 SHUKU, yado(ru) lodge, s
Page 128 and 129: 335 L3 勝 SHŌ, katsu, masaru win,
Page 130 and 131: 343 L4 進 SHIN, susumu/meru advanc
Page 132 and 133: 351 L3 息 10 SOKU, iki breath, res
Page 134 and 135: 359 第 DAI grade, order L3 11 stro
Page 136 and 137: 367 丁 CHŌ, TEI block , exact L1
Page 138 and 139: 375 転 TEN, korogeru/garu rotate,
Page 140 and 141: 383 等 TŌ, hitoshii, nado class,
Page 142 and 143: 391 L3 畑 hata, hatake (dry-) f
Page 144 and 145: 400 L3 筆 HITSU, fude writing brus
Page 146 and 147: 408 L4 服 FUKU clothes, yield,
Page 148 and 149: 415 L4 味 MI, aji, ajiwau taste
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423 有 YŪ, U, aru have, exist L4
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430 L3 様 14 YŌ, sama situatio
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437 L3 列 RETSU row, line 6 str
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texts for ‘use, employ, in order
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451 L3 塩 EN, shio salt 13 strokes
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458 L3 改 KAI, aratameru/maru refo
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with minor bureaucrat/official’.
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pleased’ is seen as an extended s
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479 L3 泣 KYŪ, naku weep, cry 8 s
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487 競 KYŌ, KEI, kisou, seru comp
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494 L3 景 KEI, KE scene, view,
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solid’. KJ1970:392; YK1976:167; T
Page 174 and 175:
509 L4 菜 SAI, na vegetable, ra
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516 L3 察 SATSU judge, surmise,
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522 L1 氏 SHI, uji clan, family, m
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529 L3 530 L4 失 SHITSU, ush
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537 L3 笑 SHŌ, warau, emu laugh,
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still acting as phonetic and still
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551 L3 折 SETSU, ori, oru/reru ben
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558 L3 争 SŌ, arasou conflict, vi
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566 L3 帯 TAI , obi, obiru belt
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574 L1 腸 CHŌ, harawata intest
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582 L3 努 DO, tsutomeru endeavor,
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591 L3 敗 HAI, yaburu/reru defe
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599 L3 標 HYŌ , shirushi sign(pos
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found in the clerical script. Mizuk
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614 牧 BOKU, maki OBI ; seal . Has
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621 L3 約 9 YAKU promise, approx.,
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628 L3 良 RYŌ, yoi good 7 stro
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636 L3 歴 REKI history, path 14 st
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THE 185 FIFTH GRADE CHARACTERS 641
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647 L3 易 8 EKI, I, yasui, yasa
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654 L1 恩 ON favor, kindness 10 st
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660 L1 賀 GA congratulations 12 st
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667 L1 668 L3 幹 KAN, miki trun
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674 L1 義 GI righteousness 13 s
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682 L3 禁 KIN forbid, ban 13 st
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690 L3 検 KEN investigate 12 strok
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sense, i.e. ‘test by comparison
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(original Peking Palace woodblock e
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713 L3 罪 ZAI, tsumi crime, sin 13
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720 L3 師 SHI teacher, model, a
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726 L4 質 SHITSU, SHICHI, CHI q
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733 L3 準 JUN level, conform, quas
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741 L3 情 11 JŌ, SEI, nasake feel
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749 製 SEI Seal ; late graph (Shuo
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757 L1 銭 SEN, zeni sen, coin, mon
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764 L3 則 SOKU, nori, nottoru rule
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772 L3 団 DANgodumpling FUTONfu
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780 L1 統 TŌ, suberu supervise, l
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788 破 HA, yaburu/reru Seal ; late
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796 L1 俵 HYŌ, tawara sack, ba
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of two vessels (one upright and the
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810 L3 報 HŌ, mukuiru report,
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816 L3 夢 MU, yume dream 13 stroke
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824 L3 留 10 RYŪ, RU, tomaru/meru
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830 映 EI, utsuru/su, haeru reflec
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838 L3 割 KATSU, wari, waru div
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847 L1 貴 KI, tattoi/bu, tōtoi
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854 L1 筋 KINNIKUmuscle sujimi
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862 L3 権 15 KEN, GON right, au
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869 L1 后 6 KŌ, GO, kisaki empres
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877 L3 骨 KOTSU, hone bone, frame
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885 L1 蚕 SAN, kaiko silkworm 1
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893 L1 射 SHA, iru shoot 10 stroke
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900 L1 就 12 SHŪ, JU, tsuku take
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907 L3 処 SHO deal with, place
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914 L3 城 JŌ, shiro castle 9 stro
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922 L1 聖 SEISHObible SEIJIN sa
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930 L1 奏 9 SŌ, kanaderu play ins
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938 存 SON, ZON senses ‘not move
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946 値 CHI, atai, ne price, value
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953 L3 賃 CHIN wages, fee 13 st
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961 L3 乳 NYŪ, chichi, chi bre
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968 L1 肺 HAI lung(s) 9 strokes
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976 L1 奮 FUN, furuu be excited, s
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983 L1 宝 HŌ, takara treasure
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992 L1 模 MO, BO copy, model, m
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1000 L3 卵 RAN, tamago egg, roe
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THE REMAINING 1130 CHARACTERS 1007
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1015 依 I, E, yoru OBI ; seal . Ha
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1022 L1 椅 I chair 12 strokes IS
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1030 L1 茨 9 ibara, SHI thatch, br
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1038 唄 uta, BAI song L1 10 stroke
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item’ (Ogawa, Katō), or - origin
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noted in Mizukami as an extended me
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1059 L1 1060 L2 汚 6 O, kegare/
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1068 岡 oka, KŌ hill, knoll L3 8
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1075 穏 ON, odayaka peace, moderat
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1083 暇 KA, hima, itoma leisure, f
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1091 瓦 GA, kawara, GURAMU tile, g
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1099 L1 皆 KAI, min(n)a all, ev
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1106 L1 劾 8 GAI investigate (a wr
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1114 垣 kaki fence, hedge L1 9 str
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1122 嚇 KAKU, odosu/kasu threaten,
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1129 L1 喝 KATSU shout, scold 11 s
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1137 鎌 kama, REN sickle L1 18 str
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1144 L1 陥 KAN, ochiiru collaps
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connection with 1146, the early mea
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1157 寛 KAN, kutsurogu magnanimous
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1166 L1 NENKANyearbook KANSHŌa
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1173 L1 KICHŪin mourning KIN
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1181 L1 ikuNINhow many people KI
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1188 宜 GI, yoroshii proper, good
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prises (see 611), a determinative
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1203 L1 丘 KYŪ, oka hill, hill
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distinguish carefully from the sim
Page 364 and 365:
1217 狂 KYŌ, kuruu lunatic, mad L
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1225 L1 脅 10 KYŌ, odo(ka)su, obi
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1233 斤 KIN weight, ax L1 4 stroke
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1241 吟 GIN recite, sing L1 7 stro
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1248 串 kushi, KAN pierce, skewer
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1255 薫 KUN, kaoru/ri aroma, fragr
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meaning, and ‘mountain stream’
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1268 L1 慶 KEI, yorokobu joy, rejo
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1274 鯨 GEI, kujira whale L1 19 st
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1282 L2 剣 KEN, tsurugi sword,
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1289 遣 KEN, tsukau, yaru send, us
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visible’ is presumably a loan usa
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1301 L1 虎 KO, tora tiger, drunkar
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1309 顧 KO, kaerimiru look back L1
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OBI , bronze ; seal . The bronze fo
Page 394 and 395:
sociated sense ‘hit, strike’, g
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determinatives (540 in total) there
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1336 L1 慌 KŌ, awateru/tadashii b
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1344 衡 KŌ, kubiki scales, yoke L
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1350 L1 豪 14 GŌSHŪAustralia
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ing the head of an insect, with leg
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1364 L1 懇 17 KON, nengoro na f
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1372 砕 SAI, kudaku/keru break, sm
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1379 L1 塞 13 SAI, SOKU, fusagu ob
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1387 索 SAKU rope, search L1 10 st
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1394 L1 撮 SATSU, toru, tsumamu pl
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1402 L2 伺 7 SHI, ukagau visit, se
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1410 嗣 SHI, tsugu heir, succeed t
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agree that one component is / 42
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(profile) for ‘bed’ with a stro
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1429 L1 赦 SHA forgiveness 11 stro
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Shirakawa, though, takes as claws o
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first appeared [as independent grap
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1447 L1 需 JU need, demand 14 stro
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1454 L1 羞 SHŪ, hajiru be ashamed
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1461 L1 充 JŪ, ateru, mitasu f
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for ‘uncle younger than one’s p
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flecting the use in Shang times of
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1480 L1 庶 11 SHO masses, vario
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age; this complex form was ousted a
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1494 L1 宵 SHŌ, yoi evening 10 st
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1501 L1 掌 SHŌ, tanagokoro con
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1507 L1 奨 SHŌ urge, encourage 13
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part in ancient China, being seen a
Page 452 and 453:
1520 L1 縄 JŌ, nawa rope, cord 15
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1526 拭 SHOKU, nuguu, fuku wipe, s
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1534 L1 芯 7 SHIN core, padding, w
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eading furu ‘shake’, as also th
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1546 L1 審 SHIN judge, investig
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overall meaning ‘enjoy union’,
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1559 L1 帥 SUI commander 9 strokes
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consisting in one view of 1739 ‘
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appears to already provide the mean
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1578 L1 斉 SEI, hitoshii equal, si
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1586 L1 斥 SEKI, shirizokeru re
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1593 籍 SEKI meaning is ‘written
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1599 扇 SEN, ōgi, aogu fan L1 10
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1607 箋 SEN paper, letter L1 14 st
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1613 L1 禅 ZEN Zen, meditation 13
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1620 措 SO place, dispose L1 11 st
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1627 双 SŌ, futapair, both L2 4 s
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1634 L1 曹 SŌ, ZŌ official, c
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1639 L1 葬 SŌ, hōmuru bury 12 st
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comb’. Sense then generalized to
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1653 俗 ZOKU Bronze ; seal . Has 4
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1658 唾 DA, tsuba(ki) Seal ; late
Page 496 and 497:
1665 L1 泰 TAI calm, serene, bi
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1671 L1 戴 TAI, (DAI), itadaku rec
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1678 L2 濯 TAKU wash, rinse 17 str
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ten with a pictograph showing two s
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tograph of a young plant putting ou
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elow); the associated sense of here
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1705 L1 秩 CHITSU order 10 strokes
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1712 L1 鋳 CHŪ, iru cast, found,
Page 512 and 513:
mean ‘monetary change’. Note: w
Page 514 and 515:
tower above; sign’) was added as
Page 516 and 517:
1730 珍 CHIN, mezurashii gives pro
Page 518 and 519:
1736 L1 塚 tsuka, CHŌ mound, tumu
Page 520 and 521:
port such an interpretation, though
Page 522 and 523:
1748 訂 TEI correct, revise L1 9 s
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1756 摘 TEKI, tsumu/mamu pluck, ex
Page 526 and 527:
iguous in writing through addition
Page 528 and 529:
1768 L1 妬 TO, netamu/mi/mashii be
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1775 到 TŌ, itaru Bronze ; seal .
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phonetic, with associated sense ‘
Page 534 and 535:
1786 L1 搭 TŌ load, board 12 stro
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1792 謄 TŌ copy L1 17 strokes T
Page 538 and 539:
1798 L1 瞳 DŌ, hitomi pupil (of e
Page 540 and 541:
cave’, and as phonetic with asso
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How, though, did the graph come to
Page 544 and 545:
as depicting one person leaning aga
Page 546 and 547:
1826 L1 寧 NEI, mushiro peace,
Page 548 and 549:
1833 婆 BA, baba Seal ( ) . The se
Page 550 and 551:
ing things, thus ‘grow, cultivate
Page 552 and 553:
1847 L1 剥 HAKU, hagu/gasu peel, s
Page 554 and 555:
form, which has firewood projecting
Page 556 and 557:
1861 L1 氾 5 HAN flood, deluge, ov
Page 558 and 559:
1868 販 HAN sell, trade L2 11 stro
Page 560 and 561:
1874 L1 繁 HAN, shigeru profuse
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1879 L2 彼 HI, kare, kano, ano
Page 564 and 565:
1886 L1 罷 HI, makaru cease, leave
Page 566 and 567:
1892 L1 肘 hiji elbow 7 strokes
Page 568 and 569:
1898 L1 描 BYŌ, egaku depict, dra
Page 570 and 571:
and flattish’; overall meaning is
Page 572 and 573:
later represented by changing deter
Page 574 and 575:
at clerical script stage. Note: 尃
Page 576 and 577:
kami notes a different view that se
Page 578 and 579:
1929 L1 噴 FUN, fuku emit, spout,
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taken as ‘avoid’, thus ‘hangi
Page 582 and 583:
1942 癖 HEKI, kuse habit, kink L1
Page 584 and 585:
out metal fitting’ (on a gate/doo
Page 586 and 587:
1956 泡 HŌ, awa Seal ; a late gra
Page 588 and 589:
graph has the same structure but is
Page 590 and 591:
(both interpretations are listed in
Page 592 and 593:
added to indicate meaning of ‘sid
Page 594 and 595:
1985 L1 僕 BOKU, shimobe manser
Page 596 and 597:
1991 L1 奔 HON run, bustle 8 st
Page 598 and 599:
1997 磨 MA, migaku polish, scour,
Page 600 and 601:
2003 又 mata again L1 2 strokes
Page 602 and 603:
strange’. An alternative analysis
Page 604 and 605:
not done also). The original meanin
Page 606 and 607:
2022 盲 MŌ, mekura blind L1 8 str
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ut ‘fire’. This commentator (Gu
Page 610 and 611:
2034 L1 愉 YU joy, pleasure 12 str
Page 612 and 613:
2040 湧 YŪ, waku , for which ther
Page 614 and 615:
2046 L1 融 YŪ, tokeru dissolve, m
Page 616 and 617:
ment in bronze stage equivalents of
Page 618 and 619:
ing it a distinct possibility that
Page 620 and 621:
2063 拉 RA, RATSU, hishigu/ Seal ;
Page 622 and 623:
2069 L1 2070 L1 酪 13 RAKU d
Page 624 and 625:
2076 L1 履 RI, haku footwear, walk
Page 626 and 627:
2081 L1 竜 RYŪ, tatsu dragon 1
Page 628 and 629:
suggesting orderly construction rat
Page 630 and 631:
Mizukami). Sense modified (dependin
Page 632 and 633:
2098 L1 倫 RIN principles, ethi
Page 634 and 635:
2104 励 RUI, hagemu/masu later var
Page 636 and 637:
2109 隷 REI the seal script, came
Page 638 and 639:
2114 L1 烈 RETSU fierce, intens
Page 640 and 641:
2121 賂 RO, mainai Seal ; late gra
Page 642 and 643:
phonetic with associated sense ‘s
Page 644:
2135 L2 湾 WAN bay, gulf 12 stroke
Page 647 and 648:
Readings Index A A 1007 abareru 8
Page 649 and 650:
BŌ 814 BŌ 985 BŌ 986 BŌ 987
Page 651 and 652:
EI 449 EI 450 EI 644 EI 645 EI
Page 653 and 654:
GO 1311 GO 1312 GO 1313 GO 1314
Page 655 and 656:
HI 1878 HI 1879 HI 1880 HI 1881
Page 657 and 658:
isago 879 isago 1366 isamashii 6
Page 659 and 660:
KAI 1102 KAI 1103 KAI 1104 KAI
Page 661 and 662:
KEN 20 KEN 100 KEN 290 KEN 291
Page 663 and 664:
KŌ 1342 KŌ 1343 KŌ 1344 KŌ
Page 665 and 666:
KYŪ 1203 KYŪ 1204 KYŪ 1205 KY
Page 667 and 668:
mukuiru 810 mukuro 1113 muna- 85
Page 669 and 670:
odokasu 1225 oeru 322 odoroku 12
Page 671 and 672:
RYŪ 824 RYŪ 2080 RYŪ 2081 RY
Page 673 and 674:
SEN 1608 SEN 1609 SEN 1610 SEN
Page 675 and 676:
SHŌ 912 SHŌ 913 SHŌ 933 SHŌ
Page 677 and 678:
SUI 1685 suji 854 suki 503 suki
Page 679 and 680:
TO 1767 TO 1768 TO 1769 TO 1770
Page 681 and 682:
UN 251 unagasu 1651 unaji 1339 u
Page 683 and 684:
yudaneru 245 yue 694 YUI 827 YUI
Page 685 and 686:
1806 1821 1893 1967 2030 5 stro
Page 687 and 688:
1095 1142 1167 1172 1173 1199
Page 689 and 690:
361 366 370 377 391 392 398
Page 691 and 692:
1581 1588 1589 1599 1600 1619
Page 693 and 694:
385 397 400 424 428 429 431
Page 695 and 696:
1613 1624 1640 1654 1670 1672
Page 697 and 698:
1104 1105 1113 1121 1161 1162
Page 700 and 701:
APPENDIX & BIBLIOGRAPHY
Page 702 and 703:
In this book the general trend in i
Page 704 and 705:
KZ2001 Zhang Yushu et al., Kangxi z
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