480531170

254
L3
央
Ō
center
5 strokes
CHŪŌcenter
CHŪŌBUcentral part
CHŪŌguchicentral exit
OBI ; bronze . Opinions differ. In broad
terms, Mizukami, Katō and Yamada agree that
this graph consists of variant for 56 ‘big’
for person standing upright with as phonetic
element positioned centrally just above the
shoulders with associated sense ‘straight,
upright’. Graph meaning is ‘neck, back of neck’,
and as the neck is positioned centrally, neither
to left nor right, the extended sense ‘center’
evolved. Tōdō interprets differently, including
within a word-family ‘restrain’, taking the
element across the top of the shoulders as a
restraining device for criminals (see also
449); Ogawa also favors this analysis. With this
view, ‘center’ may still be seen as extended
usage. MS1995:v1:298-9; KJ1970:76-7;
YK1976:72; TA1965:404-7; OT1968:244.
Mnemonic: BIG MAN WITH THICK NECK AT
THE CENTER OF THINGS
255
L3
横
Ō, yoko
side, crossways
15 strokes
ŌDANcrossing
yokonoririding sidesaddle
yokogaoprofile
256
屋
OKU, ya (in compounds)
store, building, dealer
L4
9 strokes
OKUJŌroof
koyahut, shed
PANyabaker(y)
No OBI or bronze forms, but other forms – possibly
pre-Shuowen – exist, e.g. , . Taken as
(NJK graph) ‘person slumped or bent or lying
A late graph (Shuowen) . Traditional: .
Has 73 ‘tree, wood’, and 133 (‘yellow’) as
phonetic with associated sense ‘stop, obstruct’.
Original meaning is horizontal door bolt, and
by extension ‘crossways, side’. KJ1970:324-5;
YK1976:74.
Mnemonic: YELLOW PIECE OF WOOD LAID
ON ITS SIDE
down/ corpse’, with either: a) 厔 , an abbreviated
version of 152 ‘room’, combining to give ‘a
room to lie down in’, and by extension ‘house’,
etc. (Ogawa, Katō, Yamada); or b) 886 ‘arrive/
reach’ (Shirakawa), to give ‘(decide by ritual
process) a place to lie down’. OT1968:296-7;
KJ1970:324-5; YK1976:74; SS1984:67.
Mnemonic: ARRIVE AT STORE AND FIND
DEALER’S CORPSE IN BUILDING
257
L3
温
ON, atatakai/meru
warm
12 strokes
ONSENhot springs
ONJŌkindness
ONSHITSUhothouse
OBI forms , . Traditional . Typically treated
as quite late in origin. Seal form onwards
consists of 42 ‘water’, with as phonetic;
generally, taken as associated sense unclear
and the whole graph originally representing
a specific river name, then loaned for ‘warm’.
Mizukami, however, lists the above OBI forms
as showing someone with water in a bath-like
container, regards associated sense of the
phonetic as ‘warm’, and takes the meaning
as ‘river with warm current’ or ‘steamy warm
water’. He also treats the same OBI form as the
earliest form of 625 ‘bathe’, listing different
shapes for and only at the seal stage.
MS1995:V2,772-3; KJ1970:114; YK1976:76. We
suggest taking the modern graph as 42
‘water’, 66 ‘sun’, and 300 ‘bowl’.
Mnemonic: SUN WARMS WATER IN A BOWL
108 The 200 Third Grade Characters