480531170

885
L1
蚕
SAN, kaiko
silkworm
10 strokes
SANGYŌsericulture
YŌSANsericulture
soramame*broad bean
OBI ; seal ; traditional . OBI form is picto -
graph of silkworm. Seal has 䖵 60 ‘insects’ and
朁 ( NJK ‘speak’, with 兓 [two hairpins] as
phonetic with associated sense ‘insert’) as
phonetic with associated sense ‘produce’ (Katō,
Ogawa,Yamada), thus ‘insect which produces
thread’ i.e. ‘silkworm’. Tōdō, however, takes associated
sense as ‘enter narrow space’, and sees it
886
L1
887
L4
至
SHI, itaru/ri
go, reach, peak
6 strokes
SHIKYŪemergency
GESHIsummer solstice
itaripeak, climax
OBI ; seal . Originally shows arrow shot from
a bow and come to rest sticking up out of the
私
SHI, wata(ku)shi
I, me, private, personal
7 strokes
SHIRITSUprivate
watashitachiwe, us
SHIJIpersonal matters
Seal ; late graph (Shuowen). Has 87 ‘grain’
(not just ‘rice’), and , which based on its OBI
form is usually taken as corrupted version of
84 ‘enclosure’ (Katō, Ogawa, Yamada), but
Mizukami takes as ‘enclose and make one’s
888
L1
姿
SHI, sugata
form, figure
9 strokes
SHISEIposture
YŌSHIform
sugatamifull-length mirror
Seal ; late graph (Shuowen). Has 37
‘woman, female’, and 308 (‘next’) as phonetic
with divergent analysis of the associated sense.
One view takes it as ‘well-ordered, well arranged’,
to indicate burrowing, thus ‘insect that burrows
(into mulberry leaves)’. The modern Japanese
graph serves as a simplified version of , but
is in origin a separate graph meaning ‘earthworm’.
Note too that middle part of traditional form
is ‘speak’ (orig showing tongue in mouth), a
determinative slightly different in shape from
66 ‘sun/day’ in traditional printed form,
though the difference is obscured in modern
Japanese usage, which usually has both as .
KJ1970:441,564; MS1995:v2:1156-7,v1:634-5;
YK1976:207-8; ZY2009:v3:1140; OT1968:885;
TA1965:807-11. Take top element as 62
‘heaven’.
Mnemonic: SILKWORM IS A HEAVENLY INSECT
ground (‘ground’ 64). The arrow has reached
a certain point and stopped, giving the meaning
‘stop’. The arrow has also gone as far as it
can reach, hence the meaning ‘(maximum) limit’
also. YK1976:218; QX2000:191; KJ1970:444-5;
OT1968:833.
Mnemonic: ARROW HAS GONE AS FAR IT
CAN REACH, NOW HEAD IN GROUND
own’; either way, overall sense is ‘grain which
is one’s own’. The ancient Chinese tax system
required part of the harvest to be given up
as tax, and what remained was denoted by
the graph ; ‘grain which is one’s own/mine’
subsequently became generalised to ‘private,
I, me’. KJ1970:459-60; OT1968:727; YK1976:219;
MS1995:v1:188-90; SS1984:357-8. Suggest taking
as a nose.
Mnemonic: THE GRAIN UNDER MY NOSE IS
MINE AND PRIVATE
giving ‘woman of well-groomed and beautiful
appearance’, later generalized to ‘appearance’
(Tōdō, Ogawa). Another view posits a more
convoluted progression of meaning, i.e. with
associated sense ‘captivating appearance’, giving
‘a woman’s captivating attitude/demeanor’, then
changing back to ‘appearance’ (Katō, Yamada).
TA1965:774-5; OT1968:257-8; YK1976:221;
KJ1970:468.
Mnemonic: NEXT WOMAN HAS A GOOD FIGURE
The 181 Sixth Grade Characters 275