480531170

203
L4
頭
TŌ, ZU, atama, kashira
head, top, start
16 strokes
TŌKOTSUskull
ZUTSŪheadache
atamaKINdown payment
As seen in the bronze form , this has 103
‘head’, and 379 ‘(upright vessel’, now ‘bean’)
as phonetic with associated meaning ‘stand
upright’ and probably also ‘vessel’. Like 155
(‘head’), also has extended senses of ‘beginning;
first in rank’. Note: The bronze form here
is in the decorative elongated ‘bird script’.
MS1995:v2:1446-7; KJ1970:734; TA1965:281-3;
QX2000:275; KJ1985:573,663.
Mnemonic: BEAN HEAD!
204
L4
同
DŌ, onaji
same
6 strokes
DŌYŌsimilar
DŌJIsimultaneous
DŌIagreement
Early forms , . Interpretations differ. Mizukami
sees 22 ‘mouth’ as possibly semantic for
‘words’, with (= 1450) as phonetic with associated
sense ‘collect’ – a view shared by Katō.
205
L5
道
DŌ, TŌ, michi
way, road
12 strokes
TETSUDŌrailway
SHINTŌShinto
michibataroadside
The various bronze shapes, e.g. have
131 ‘crossroads, roads, go’ (or the abbreviated
form), here also with 2003 ‘hand’ but
Mizukami also notes alternative view of as
semantic for ‘board’, with as ‘hole’, to mean
‘penetrate’ and then ‘same’ (the latter because
a round hole is the same seen or measured
from any angle); Tōdō also takes as originally
‘penetrate’. MS1995:v1:214-5; KJ1970:736-7;
TA1965:286-9. We suggest taking the enclosure
of the modern form as a croquet hoop, with
as opening, with a single stroke.
Mnemonic: SIMILAR HOOPS HAVE THE SAME
SINGLE OPENING
this changed at the seal stage to , as in
85, with phonetic 155 (‘head’) with associated
sense of ‘straight road’. Tōdō puts into
word-family meaning ‘extend in narrow line’.
MS1995:v2:1302-3; KJ1970:670-71; TA1965:190-
93. We suggest taking the meaning of ‘head’
for .
Mnemonic: THE HEAD LEADS THE WAY
ALONG THE ROAD
206
読
DOKU, TOKU, yomu
read
L5
14 strokes
DOKUSHAreader
TOKUHONreading-book
yomikataa reading (kanji)
A late graph (Shuowen) . Traditional form is
, with right-hand (NJK, ‘exchange/display
goods’), changed in the modern form to , as
phonetic. Consists of 118 ‘words’, and righthand
phonetic with associated sense ‘recite’.
Right-hand element of traditional form is
slightly different in shape from traditional form
of 211 ‘sell’ (q.v.). KJ1970:46; YK1976:397;
KZ2001:2629/3671. We suggest taking the right
hand of the modern form as 211 ‘sell’.
Mnemonic: SELL WORDS TO READ or
READING OUT SALES SPIEL
96 The 160 Second Grade Characters