480531170

1038
唄
uta, BAI
song
L1
10 strokes
koutaditty, ballad
JIutafolk song
nagautasong for samisen
1039
L1
鬱
29
UTSU
melancholy,
gloom, depression
strokes
UTSUBYŌdepression
UKKIgloom, melancholy
IN’UTSUnacheerless
Seal form i] ( 鬱 ) ; seal form ii] ( ) . Both
occur as traditional forms. Analyses differ.
The elements in are: 79 ‘forest’, 1141
(originally ‘lidded earthenware pot/jar’, now ‘tin,
can’), ‘cover’, ‘wine in vessel with fragrant
herb added’, and 115 ‘adorn’ etc. Instead of
, form ii] has ‘two hands’. Shuowen defines
as ‘luxuriant tree growth’, and according to
Shirakawa, this referred originally to a special
variety of wine with herbs, packed into jars. The
Shuowen gives separate treatment to and
the similarly-shaped form ii]. The two graphs
appear to have represented two homophonous
words in early Chinese, one meaning
This is a late graph (post-Shuowen). Has
22 ‘mouth; speak’, and 10 (‘shell, shell
currency’), here employed as phonetic purely
for its sound value to represent an abbreviated
rendition of a Sanskrit word meaning ‘song to
extol merits of Buddha’; in Japanese, the meaning
has broadened to now incorporate ‘folk
songs’. OT1968:183; SS1984:685.
Mnemonic: PUTTING A SHELL TO ONE’S
MOUTH PRODUCES A SONG
‘dense (forest)’ (), and the other ‘fragrant herb’
(Schuessler). Shirakawa considers form ii] may
have originally referred to a fragrant herb used
in scented wine, but that form ii] and then
came to be used interchangeably. This reflects
the view of traditional scholarship (Kangxi zidian).
Mizukami, who gives what he regards as bronze
equivalents for and form ii], lists both with
substantially overlapping meanings (core mean -
ing: trees and other vegetation growing together
in very close proximity), and treats ‘fragrant
herb’ as a loan use of form ii]. The above variations
in form together with differences in treat -
ment of the component parts make this a
challenging graph to analyze. SS1984:40-41;
MS1995:v2:1480-83; OT1968:530; TA1965:
707-10; DJ2009:v2:492,418-9; KZ2001:361,378;
AS2007:513,592.
Mnemonic: IT’S DEPRESSING TO FIND A CAN
IN A GLOOMY FOREST – A DOTTED WINE-VES-
SEL WITH A COVER AND THREE SCRATCHES
1040
L1
畝
une, uneru, se
ridge, furrow
10 strokes
unedateridging/furrowing
unemaspace between ridges
uneoriribbed fabric
Bronze ; seal . Bronze form has 63 ‘field’,
and 225 (original sense possibly ‘abundant
plants’; now ‘each, every’) as phonetic with associated
sense ‘ridge’, giving ‘field ridge’ (Katō,
Mizukami); Mizukami takes ‘field’/‘produce’ as
an alternative associated sense, giving same
overall meaning. 676 (‘lasting’) is a phonetic
for hillock. Thus the ‘undulating contour of a
cultivated field’, and hence ‘ridge’ or ‘furrow’.
Shape of phonetic became distorted over time
to combination of and . When read as se
in Japanese, refers to unit of area, approx 100
square meters (but in China, denotes 667
square meters). MS1995:v2:882-3; KJ1970:857-
8. Take as ‘hat’, ‘field’ 63, and ‘lasting’
676.
Mnemonic: TAKE ONE’S HAT OFF TO LASTING
WELL-FURROWED FIELD
The Remaining 1130 Characters 315