480531170

780
L1
統
TŌ, suberu
supervise, lineage
12 strokes
DENTŌtradition
TŌKEIstatistics
DAITŌRYŌpresident
Seal ; late graph (Shuowen). Has 29
‘thread’, and 1461 (originally, ‘be born; grow’;
now ‘fill’) as phonetic with associated sense
‘beginning; thread/sequence’ (Ogawa says ‘long
thread/sequence’), to give ‘beginning; thread/
sequence’. ‘Lineage’ is an extended sense;
‘control’ is also regarded as an extended sense,
based on correcting a sequence. KJ1970:747;
OT1968:779; SS1984:649.
Mnemonic: SUPERVISE LINEAGE FULL OF
THREADS
781
銅
DŌ, akagane
Bronze ; seal . Has 16 ‘metal’, and
copper
204 (‘same’) as phonetic with associated sense
L3
14 strokes
generally taken as ‘red’ (Mizukami also notes
alternative interpretations ‘flow through’ and
DŌZŌbronze statue
‘cavity, cave’), to give ‘red metal’, i.e. ‘copper’.
DŌKAbronze coin
MS1995:v2:1366-7; YK1976:394; KJ1970:737;
SEIDŌbronze
GY2008:1257.
Mnemonic: COPPER IS SAME METAL AS RED
METAL
782
導
DŌ, michibiku
guide, lead
L3
15 strokes
SHIDŌguidance
SHUDŌKENinitiative
DENDŌconduction
Bronze ; seal: . Has 920 ‘hand/measure’,
and 205 (‘road’, ‘way’) as phonetic (and
possibly semantic) with associated sense ‘walk’,
to give ‘walk while guiding someone by the
hand’, and hence ‘guide, lead’. YK1976:394;
MS1995:v1:398-9; KJ1970:671.
Mnemonic: MEASURED GUIDING HAND
LEADS THE WAY
783
L1
徳
TOKU
virtue
14 strokes
DŌTOKUmorality
TOKUGIintegrity
TOKKURI*sake bottle
Bronze ; seal ; traditional Has 131
‘go/move’, and as phonetic with associated
sense usually taken as ‘climb’, to give ‘climb to a
high place’ (Yamada, Katō, Mizukami). Mizukami
notes alternative interpretation of – which is
seen as abbreviated form of ( 192 ‘direct,
upright’, over ‘heart, mind’ 164) – as semantic
and phonetic, meaning ‘straight/pure heart’; in
this case, has the extended sense ‘conduct’.
Yamada sees ‘morality, virtue’ as loan usage, but
this seems unnecessary taken as ‘conduct with
a pure heart’. Interestingly, Qiu notes that at an
earlier period in China, was used sometimes,
apparently in error, for () 241 ‘evil’, the
opposite sense. Mizukami and Yamada list OBI
equivalents for , all lacking the ‘heart’
element. YK1976:395-6; MS1995:v1:492-3;
KJ1970:689-90’ QX2000:204-5. Suggest
cross and 76 ‘eye’.
Mnemonic: CROSS-EYED BUT MOVED BY
VIRTUOUS FEELINGS
as
The 185 Fifth Grade Characters 247