480531170

953
L3
賃
CHIN
wages, fee
13 strokes
CHINGINwages
UNCHINfare, freight
yaCHINhouse rent
Bronze ; seal . Has 10 ‘shell currency,
valuables’, and 785 (‘duty, entrust’) as semantic
and phonetic, meaning ‘baggage, carry
baggage’, to give ‘money for transporting baggage’;
later generalized to ‘payment for work’.
YK1976:370; KJ1970:570; MS1995:v2:1240-41;
OT1968:957.
Mnemonic: ENTRUST VALUABLE
WAGES – FOR A FEE
954
L3
痛
TSŪ, itai/mu/meru
pain, painful
12 strokes
ZUTSŪheadache
itadebad wound
TSŪSETSU napoignant
Seal ; late graph (Shuowen). Has 404
‘sickbed/sickness’, and 193 (interpretations
include this as originally depicting a type of
instrument [Ogawa; later, ], or a person
stamping the ground surface down and jumping
up [Mizukami]) as phonetic with associated
sense ‘pain as if stabbed’ (Ogawa), or ‘wound
penetrates inside’ (Yamada, Katō); overall sense
is ‘pain of sickness’, later generalized sense ‘pain’.
YK1976:371; OT1968:679; MS1995:v2:870-71;
KJ1970:735-6. Suggest associating with
193 (‘pass [through]’).
Mnemonic: PAIN PASSES THROUGH SICK
PERSON
955
L3
展
10
TEN
expand, spread,
display
strokes
HATTENdevelopment
TENRANKAIexhibition
TENBŌoutlook
Seal ; late graph (Shuowen). Has 256 (here)
‘person lying down’, and (as abbreviation of
a more complex form with 444 meaning a
type of garment [Yamada says ‘red garment’] )
as phonetic with associated sense taken as
i] ‘bend’, giving ‘person with bent back’, i.e.
‘hunchback’ (Katō, Yamada), or ii] ‘roll (over),
tumble’, giving ‘turn in one’s sleep’ (Ogawa).
Either analysis results in senses such as ‘lay
(something) out, extend’ as loan usages.
YK1976:379-80; KJ1970:728; OT1968:297. We
suggest taking the top part as slumped person
, middle part as 53 ‘grass’, and lower part
as ‘short’ clothing .
Mnemonic: SLUMPED PERSON IN SHORTS
SPREAD OUT ON GRASS
956
討
TŌ, utsu
attack, to defeat
L1
10 strokes
TŌGIdebate
uchiiruraid
TŌBATSUsubjugation
Seal ; late graph (Shuowen). Has 118
‘words, speak’, and 920 (‘hand; measure’) as
phonetic with associated sense ‘charge, accuse’,
giving ‘charge verbally’, i.e. ‘charge (someone)
with an offence’. Ogawa sees as an abbreviation
here for (NJK ‘elbow’) with associated
sense ‘capture’. ‘Attack (physically)’ can be seen
as loan usage. Katō notes that in early times the
elements corresponding to and 34 ‘hand’
were often used without distinction in meaning.
YK1976:387-8; OT1968:923; KJ1970:673.
Mnemonic: ATTACK AND DEFEAT WITH
MEASURED WORDS
The 181 Sixth Grade Characters 293