480531170

1511
L1
衝
SHŌ
collide, clash
15 strokes
SHŌTOTSUcollision
SHŌDŌimpulse
SESSHŌ negotiations
Seal form (with 385 as center element):
(Shuowen). Has /131 ‘go, move’ (originally
pictograph of crossroads), and what in seal
form was (‘child’ 385) taken in one view as
phonetic with associated sense ‘gather’, thus
‘central point where roads come together’ and
by extension ‘major road’; ‘collide’ is treated as
loan usage in this view (Ogawa). Later, center
element was changed to 326 (‘heavy’) as
phonetic (same associated sense), and
being near-homophones in Late Han times
(Schuessler). Another view takes earlier as
phonetic and probably abbreviation for NJK
‘strike against’ (Shirakawa). DJ2009:v1:160;
OT1968:899; SS1984:451; AS2007:500,622.
Mnemonic: COLLISION OF HEAVY OBJECTS
MOVING THROUGH CROSSROADS
1512
L1
償
SHŌ, tsugunau
recompense, redeem
17 strokes
SHŌKINreparation
SHŌKYAKUredemption
BENSHŌ compensation
Seal ; a late graph (Shuowen). Has 41
‘person’, and 542 (‘prize, praise’) taken in
one view as phonetic with associated sense
‘retaliate, repay (negative connotation)’, giving
likely original meaning ‘pay compensation for
slave previously received’ and later generalized
to ‘pay back, recompense’ (Katō). Several other
scholars take original meaning as ‘atone for’
(Ogawa, Shirakawa). KJ1970:540; OT1968:83;
SS1984:453.
Mnemonic: PERSON IS RECOMPENSED
WITH PRIZE
1513
礁
SHŌ
(hidden) reef
L1
17 strokes
GANSHŌreef
ANSHŌhidden reef, snag
SANGOSHŌ coral reef
A late, post-Shuowen graph. Has 47 ‘rock,
stone’, and 1503 (‘burn, scorch’) as phonetic
with associated sense ‘draw near’, giving
‘rocks which are near (surface of water)’.
OT1968:716.
Mnemonic: SCORCHED ROCK BECOMES A REEF
1514
L1
鐘
SHŌ, kane
bell
20 strokes
KEISHŌalarm bell
tsuriganehanging bell
SHŌNYŪSEKI stalactite
Bronze ; seal . Has 16 ‘metal,
money’, and 385 (‘child’) as phonetic, with
associated sense ‘strike’ (Mizukami, Ogawa).
Mizukami then takes the overall meaning
as ‘metal musical instrument that is struck’,
while Ogawa says ‘(hanging) bell’, but these
seemingly different meanings are not necessarily
contrastive. Music played an important
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