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327
L3
宿
SHUKU, yado(ru)
lodge, shelter, house
11 strokes
SHUKUDAI homework
yadoya inn, hostel
GESHUKUNIN boarder
Simpler OBI form ; more complex OBI form
; seal . The simpler OBI has a person 41
kneeling or lying on a mat; the more complex
form adds the element 30 ‘roof’. In the
seal form the element for ‘mat’ is distorted in
shape, and this gets worse in the block script
version, which has , seemingly miscopied.
Overall meaning is a person sitting in a chair
or lying on (or next to) a mat in a building.
MS1995:v1:378-9; MR2007:371; KJ1970:519-20.
We suggest taking as 71 ‘hundred’.
Mnemonic: A HUNDRED PERSONS LODGING
UNDER THE SAME ROOF
328
所
SHO, tokoro
place, situation
L4
8 strokes
baSHOplace
SHOYŪpossession
idokorowhereabouts
Bronze ; seal . This graph is generally
interpreted as 1233 ‘ax’, with 120 (‘door’)
as a phonetic for the sound of wood being
chopped. The meaning ‘place’ is a loan usage –
a physical place at first, then extended to figurative
senses such as ‘situation, circumstances’.
MS1995:v1:544-6; KJ1970:534; YK1976:264;
AS2007:486.
Mnemonic: CHOP DOWN DOOR WITH AX TO
GET INTO THE PLACE
Or GIVEN THE SITUATION, CHOP THE DOOR
DOWN WITH AN AX
329
L4
暑
SHO, atsui
hot (weather)
12 strokes
KOKUSHO intense heat
HISHOCHI cool resort
atsusa heat
Late graph (Shuowen) ; traditional form
(note dot). Has 66 ‘sun’, and 314 (‘person’)
as phonetic meaning ‘burn’. (The latter element
may be taken – as Ogawa does – as semantic
also, based on its original meaning relating
to firewood). KJ1970:492; YK1976:265;
OT1968:471.
Mnemonic: PERSON UNDER HOT SUN
330
L3
助
JO, tasukeru/karu
assist, help
7 strokes
JOSHU assistant
JORYOKU help, support
tasukeai mutual aid
Bronze . Has 78 ‘strength’, and 1135
(modern meaning ‘besides’, ‘further’, originally
‘cairn/piled stones’), here used as a phonetic
with associated sense of ‘help’ or ‘aid’,
to give ‘help with strength’ or ‘add strength’.
MS1995:v1:138-9; KJ1970:1673; YK1976:266-7.
Mnemonic: HELP FURTHER BY ADDING
STRENGTH
331
L1
昭
SHŌ
bright, light
9 strokes
SHŌWA Showa Period
SHŌDAI enlightened era
SHŌSHŌ brightness
Seal . Has 66 ‘sun’, and 1486 (‘summon’)
as phonetic with associated sense ‘bright,
clear; shine’. MS1995:v1:616-7; KJ1970:607;
OT1968:466.
Mnemonic: SUMMON SUN, AND LET THERE
BE BRIGHT LIGHT
The 200 Third Grade Characters 125