480531170

311
L3
式
SHIKI
ceremony, form
6 strokes
SHINSHIKI new style
HŌSHIKI formula
SŌSHIKI funeral
A late graph (Shuowen) . Has 125 ‘ax’/‘adze’
(often associated with carpentry/ construction,
312
L3
実
8
JITSU, mi, minoru
truth, reality, bear
fruit
strokes
JIKKŌ carrying out
JIJITSU fact
miiri crop, profits
Traditional . The bronze form comprises
30 ‘roof, dwelling’, with 10 ‘shellfish/ shell’,
‘currency’, and the element between the two,
taken as phonetic by Katō and Yamada with
and sometimes seen as a set-square), with
(‘stake’, NJK also meaning ‘wooden pile’ and as
an element often indicates ‘tool’ [Tōdō] or ‘sign/
marker’) as semantic and phonetic, meaning
‘sign, mark’ (including in construction work),
or (Ogawa) ‘a rule, guideline’. KJ1970:310-11;
YK1976:233; OT1968:311; TA1965:74-9.
Mnemonic: TO APPLY SET-SQUARE TO STAKE
IS GOOD FORM
an associated meaning ‘fill’. Thus ‘a house with
wealth’. ‘(Bear) fruit’ is an extended meaning
(cf the English term ‘fruitful’), as also perhaps
is ‘truth’. first appears as lower element in
this graph as a variant at clerical script stage.
MS1995:v1:384-6; KJ1970:486; YK1976:236;
AS2007:464. We suggest taking the lower element
of the modern form as a variant of 56
‘big (man)’.
Mnemonic: THERE’S A BIG SIX-ARMED MAN
IN THE HOUSE – IT’S THE TRUTH!
313
写
SHA, utsusu/ru
copy, transcribe
L4
5 strokes
SHASHIN photograph
SHAJITSU realism
FUKUSHAKI copier
A late graph (Shuowen) . The traditional
form has 30 ‘roof, dwelling’, and 舄 ()
(a CO with a range of meanings but originally
pictograph of bird) as phonetic with associated
sense ‘move from one place to another’; by
extension, ‘copy’. KJ1970:489-90; YK1976:237;
OT1968:284; ZY2009:v1:245, v3:1049. For the
modern form we suggest taking the top element
as a ‘flat roof’ and the lower as 2047
‘convey/give’.
Mnemonic: PEAKED ROOF ‘COPIED’ AS
FLAT – CONVEYS WRONG IMPRESSION
314
L4
者
SHA, mono
person
8 strokes
SAKUSHA author
KŌSHA the latter
wakamono young people
Bronze ; seal ; traditional (note dot).
Bronze form has firewood projecting up out of
a container; possibly the firewood is burning.
Original graph meaning is ‘collect and store
much firewood’; other meanings such as
‘person’ are loan usages. MS1995:v2:1052-3;
KJ1970:492; YK1976:238-9. We suggest using
(nicknamed ‘old man radical’), noting ‘ground’
64 (see also 130) withas 66 ‘day/
sun’.
Mnemonic: MOST PERSONS WILL BE BURIED
IN THE GROUND ONE DAY
The 200 Third Grade Characters 121