480531170

1340
溝
KŌ, mizo, dobu
ditch, channel
L1
13 strokes
GESUIKŌdrain
mizokirigrooving
dobunezumisewer rat
Seal ; a late graph (Shuowen). Has 42
‘water’, and ‘(type of) container’ as semantic
and phonetic, giving ‘water channel, ditch’.
Note: is a CO graph and was originally
(OBI) a pictograph of a two-tiered bamboo
container or basket(s) (Mizukami), or – in Shirakawa’s
interpretation – a spinning device for
bringing threads together, either way giving
‘put together, assemble’ as an extended sense.
See also 701. OT1968:600; MS1995:v1:110-11;
SS1984:309, 300-301. We suggest taking as
‘a well’ 1575 and as ‘again, twice’ 706.
Mnemonic: BUILD WATER CHANNEL TWICE
FROM WELL
1341
L1
綱
KŌ, tsuna
cable, line, principle
14 strokes
YŌKŌgist
TAIKŌmain principles
tsunabikitug-of-war
Seal ; a late graph (Shuowen). Has 29
‘thread’, and 1068 (‘hill’) as phonetic with
associated sense taken in a semantic range signifying
strength, viz. ‘big and strong’ (Ogawa),
‘thick, fat’ (Katō), ‘hard and straight’ (Tōdō); resultant
overall meaning is ‘thick strong rope’, or
(Tōdō) ‘hard, straight rope/cable’. OT1968:781;
KJ1970:159; TA1965:385-91.
Mnemonic: CABLE THREADS UP THE HILL
1342
酵
KŌ
ferment, yeast
L1
14 strokes
KŌBOyeast
KŌSOenzyme
HAKKŌfermentation
A very late graph (Yupian). Has ‘wine’ 318
(originally, pictograph of wine jar), and
870 (‘filial piety’) as phonetic with associated
sense ‘foam, froth’, giving ‘fermented wine’
(Ogawa). Yupian defines as ‘yeast (for winemaking)’.
‘Ferment, brew’ is an extended sense.
OT1968:1027; SS1984:312.
Mnemonic: FILIAL PIETY SHOWN IN THE
FORM OF WINE FROM FERMENTED YEAST!?
1343
稿
KŌ
manuscript, straw
L1
15 strokes
GENKŌmanuscript
TŌKŌcontributed article
SŌKŌrough draft
Seal ; a late graph (Shuowen). Has 87
‘grain (plant)’, and 132 (‘high, tall’) as phonetic
with associated sense taken as i] ‘rise up high’
(Katō, Tōdō), or ii] ‘withered and hard’ (Ogawa),
in either case giving ‘straw’. Regarding the
meaning ‘rough draft/manuscript’, this appears
to be a loan usage, though it may be
that there was a semantic connection deriving
from the perception of straw as something
rough or coarse. The meaning ‘straw’ is now
effectively defunct. KJ1970:164; OT1968:736;
TA1965:261-3.
Mnemonic: MANUSCRIPT ABOUT TALL
GRAIN-PLANTS
398 The Remaining 1130 Characters