480531170

1695
L1
壇
DAN, TAN
stage, platform
16 strokes
KADANflower bed
DANJŌstage
DOTANbaexecution platform
1696
L1
恥
10
CHI, haji,
hajiru/zukashii
(a)shame(d), shy
strokes
CHIJOKUdisgrace
MUCHIshamelessness
akahajipublic disgrace
Seal ; late graph (Shuowen). Has 64
‘earth’, and (CO ‘granary full of grain’ [Gu])
as phonetic with associated sense i] ‘make
level and firm’ (Ogawa), or ii] ‘raised’ (Katō), either
way giving ‘raised area of flattened earth’.
Initially used for rituals, later generalized.
OT1968:226; KJ1970:681; GY2008:1636-7. Take
as ‘dawn’ 1687, ‘turn’ 92, atop .
Mnemonic: EARTHY SHOW AT DAWN ATOP
REVOLVING STAGE
Seal ; late graph (Shuowen). Has 164
‘heart, feelings’, with 31 (‘ear’) as phonetic
with associated sense i] ‘shrink’ (Katō, Tōdō),
or ii] ‘feel shame’ (Ogawa), both giving ‘feel
shame’. KJ1970:692; TA1965:98-9; OT1968:370;
SS1984:587.
Mnemonic: ASHAMED TO HAVE HEART
SMALLER THAN EAR
1697
致
CHI, itasu
do, send, cause
L1
10 strokes
ITCHIunity, accord
CHIMEITEKIfatal
SŌCHIsending
Bronze () ; seal . Bronze and seal forms
have 886 ‘reach’, with not () 112 ‘hit,
strike’, but what in the bronze form Katō takes
to be a standing person with heel on the
ground as a fuller version of ‘walk slowly/
drag foot’ (see Appendix). Original meaning
of the graph is taken as ‘send; arrive (from
afar)’. Later, the foot element was replaced by
similarly-shaped ( [determinative no.
66]). The clerical script seems to have been the
time of transition which saw a change to
in this graph, no doubt because when (or
[‘go down, descend’]) was written cursively
there was potential for confusion with ()
‘hit, strike, coerce’. As for the meanings ‘cause
(to do)’ and ‘do’, it may be that was sometimes
used also for a near-homophone in early
Chinese meaning ‘bring about’, which could explain
the sense ‘do’ as well. MS1995:v2:1092-3;
KJ1970:445,58-9; SK1984:606-7; GY2008:1032-
3; OT1968:833; AS2007:617-8.
Mnemonic: COERCIVELY SEND SOMEONE,
WHO DOES ARRIVE
1698
L2
遅
CHI, okureru, osoi
tardy, slow, late
12 strokes
CHIKOKUlateness
CHICHIslowly
osozakilate blooming
Bronze ; seal ; traditional . The bronze
form has /85 ‘go, walk’, with CO 屖 , the
latter taken to mean either ‘tarry, linger’ (Qiu)
or ‘person crawling cannot move forward’
(Mizukami). By the seal stage, however, the
graph had changed so as to be written
(as before) but now instead with (NJK,
‘slow-moving beast, rhinoceros’: see Note
504 The Remaining 1130 Characters