480531170

1336
L1
慌
KŌ, awateru/tadashii
be flustered
12 strokes
KYŌKŌpanic, scare
ōawatebig fluster
awatemonoscatterbrain
A late, post-Shuowen graph. Has 164 ‘heart,
mind’, and 1329 (‘rough, desolate, wild’)
as phonetic with associated sense ‘undiscriminating,
vague’, giving original meaning
‘unaware of oneself, absent-minded’. Katō is
of the view that ‘flustered, panic’ is a loan use
of as substitute for another graph, namely
惧 1234 (qv) ‘fear, be in awe’; Yupian explains
the meaning of as ‘fearful’. KJ1970:323;
GY2008:1504.
Mnemonic: WILD FEELINGS MAKES ONE
FLUSTERED
1337
硬
KŌ, katai
hard
L2
12 strokes
KŌKAhardening
KŌKAcoin
KŌSUIhard water
A late, post-Shuowen graph. Has 47 ‘stone’,
and 1323 (‘anew, change, ‘again’) as phonetic
with associated sense ‘strong’, giving
‘hard stone’; sense then generalized to ‘hard’.
KJ1970:162; OT1968:712; GY2008:1397.
Mnemonic: ONCE AGAIN, CHANGE TO STONE
AND BECOME HARD
1338
L2
絞
KŌ, shiboru, shimeru
strangle, wring
12 strokes
KŌSHUDAIgallows
shimekorosustrangle
shiboridasusqueeze out
Seal ; a late graph (Shuowen). Has 29
‘thread’, and 128 ‘cross, exchange’ as semantic
and phonetic, giving ‘fasten by entwining
cord (or similar) around’. TA1965:269;
KJ1970:174; OT1968:777.
Mnemonic: ALAS, STRANGLED WITH
CROSSED THREADS
1339
項
KŌ, unaji
clause, item, nape
L1
12 strokes
KŌMOKUclause, item
JIKŌmatters
JŌKŌarticles
Seal ; a late graph (Shuowen). Has 103
‘head’, and 125 (‘work, tool’) as phonetic
with associated sense ‘back, rear’, giving ‘back
of the head’, and by extension ‘back/nape of
the neck’. Additionally, Tōdō and Shirakawa
both attribute a semantic element to here,
denoting a physical connection between,
or support for, something above and below
(head and torso); if accepted, this view perhaps
provides a basis for taking other meanings
such as ‘clause’ and ‘item’ as extended
senses, as seen for example in the English
term ‘header’ in documents. KJ1970:162;
OT1968:1101; GY2008:780; TA1965:306;
SS1984:308.
Mnemonic: WORK HEADINGS INCLUDE
ITEMISED CLAUSES
The Remaining 1130 Characters 397