480531170

1775
到
TŌ, itaru
Bronze ; seal . Bronze has 41 ‘person’,
go, reach, arrive
with 886 ‘reach’ (showing arrow shot and
L2
8 strokes
landing upside-down, giving original meaning
‘fall over’, later written 1777). Arrow has
TŌRAIarrival, advent
travelled and landed, hence ‘go, arrive’. At seal
TŌTATSUarrival
stage, right-hand element changed from to
TŌTEIabsolutely
198 ‘sword’; likely due to error as the bronze
forms of these two graphs had similar shapes.
MS1995:v1:130-31,40-41,122-3; KJ1970:445-6.
Mnemonic: ON ARRIVAL, REACH FOR
SWORD
1776
L2
逃
9
TŌ, nigeru/gasu, nogareru/su
escape, evade, miss
strokes
TŌBŌSHAfugitive
minogasuoverlook
nigemichiescape route
Seal . Views diverge. Has 85 ‘go’, with
573 ‘sign, omen’. Here, latter is usually treated
as phonetic, with associated sense taken as
i] ‘escape (stealthily)’, leading to generalized
meaning ‘escape’( Katō), ii] ‘leap up’, giving
‘leap up and escape’ (Shirakawa), or iii] ‘split
in two, open’, thus ‘(two entities) move so as
to split into two’, and ‘escape’ (Tōdō). Ogawa,
however, takes here as both semantic and
phonetic with a meaning ‘move away’, but this
seems a rather extreme interpretation of the
original meaning of ‘sign, omen’, presumably
based on a perception of motion when a
crack is formed. Mizukami also lists proposed
OBI and bronze forms. KJ1970:703; SS1984:643;
TA1965:243; MS1995:v2:1290-91.
Mnemonic: THE OMEN SAYS ‘GO’, SO ESCAPE
NOW!
1777
倒
TŌ, taoreru/su
fall, topple, invert
L2
10 strokes
TŌSANbankruptcy
MENDŌtrouble
TŌCHIinversion
Seal ; late graph (late version of Shuowen).
Has 1775 ‘reach, arrive’ (originally showing
arrow coming to rest upside-down), with 41
‘person’ added as determinative (in one view)
to indicate clearly the meaning ‘fall over’
(originally written as ) (Ogawa; Gu also).
Shirakawa prefers to take original meaning of
as ‘meet, greet’, giving ‘meet/greet someone
who has arrived’; he does not indicate the
relationship to ‘fall over’. The former analysis
is probably the one to follow. OT1968:71;
GY2008:1074-5; SS1984:643.
Mnemonic: PERSON ARRIVES THEN FALLS
OVER
The Remaining 1130 Characters 529