480531170

267
L3
岸
GAN, kishi
bank, shore
8 strokes
KAIGANcoast
TAIGANopposite bank
kawagishiriverbank
A late graph (Shuowen) . Has 26
‘mountain’, and lower part as phonetic with
associated sense ‘dwelling built high on rocks/
high’ (Yamada), ‘mountain prominence’ (Ogawa),
or ‘jagged cliff’ (Shirakawa). Later, extended
usage for ‘high land close to water’, and ‘bank,
shore’. YK1976:108; OT1968:302; SS1984:136. We
suggest taking 840 in its modern meaning
of ‘dry’, and as a bank.
Mnemonic: MOUNTAIN-LIKE BANK IS DRY
268
起
KI, okiru/kosu/koru
arise, bring about
L4
10 strokes
KIGENorigin
hayaokiearly rising
KIDŌKIstarter motor
A relatively late graph (Shuowen). Traditional
form has (NJK ‘serpent’) on the right,
reflecting the seal form. Has 179 ‘run’ (shows
movement), and right-hand with associated
sense ‘begin’ (Ogawa), or – by another analysis –
866 (‘twisting thread’; ‘self’) with associated
sense ‘(person) bent over (when getting up)’
(Shirakawa) or ‘stop’ (stop running > stand)
(Yamada). ‘Bring about’ is extended usage.
First analysis above is probably the one to
follow. KJ1970:232; YK1976:114; SS1984:145;
OT1968:966.
Mnemonic: RUNNING IN A TWISTED WAY
BRINGS ABOUT CONSEQUENCES
269
L3
期
KI, GO
period, expect
12 strokes
GAKKIschool term
KITAIexpectation
SAIGOend, death
Bronze forms such as , typically consist of
as phonetic with associated sense ‘go round’,
with determinative 66 ‘sun’, or occasionally
18 ‘moon’; seal script (Shuowen) onwards
has ‘moon’. One cycle of the sun (one year)
or the moon (month); by extended usage
for ‘period’ in general. is an NJK used to
express ‘that’, but this is loan usage, originally
pictograph of a winnowing basket, which may
also relate to cyclic seasons. ‘Expect’ is an extended
meaning perhaps related to regularity.
MS1995:v1:640-41; KJ1970:238; OT1968:739.
Mnemonic: EXPECT PERIOD OF MONTHS
BETWEEN WINNOWINGS
270
L3
客
KYAKU, KAKU
guest, visitor
9 strokes
RAIKYAKUvisitor
JŌKYAKUpassenger
KAKUINguest member
OBI forms include , bronze . OBI shows
‘roof, dwelling’ 30, ‘roof, dwelling’ 143
‘stop, stay’, ‘person kneeling’, with 22 ‘mouth’
as phonetic (Mizukami). Bronze has ‘roof’,
‘person’ and 462 (modern meaning ‘each’)
as phonetic with associated sense ‘come,
stay, stop’; seal form onwards is as for bronze,
minus ‘person’. MS1995:v1:368-70; OT1968:276;
YK1976:120-21. Suggest taking as ‘crosslegged’
(see Appendix) and ‘mouth’ 22.
Mnemonic: EACH VISITOR UNDER ROOF IS
CROSS-LEGGED WITH OPEN MOUTH
The 200 Third Grade Characters 111