480531170

with minor bureaucrat/official’. By extension,
‘government office’, or person attached thereto.
MS1995:v1:364-6; KJ1970:333-4; YK1976:101.
Mnemonic: GOVERNMENT OFFICIAL IN
BUILDING SITS ON BACKSIDE
466
L3
管
KAN, kuda
pipe, control
14 strokes
KANRIcontrol
KIKANwindpipe
kudakudashiiverbose
Seal ; a late graph (Shuowen). Has 58
‘bamboo’, and 465 (‘house/building with
minor official’) as phonetic with associated
sense ‘pierce, penetrate’ (Ogawa says ‘hole’),
to give ‘pierced length of bamboo’, and so
‘bamboo wind instrument’; also used in
generalized sense for ‘pipe’. Its meaning of
‘control’ is possibly an extended meaning based
on control of a wind instrument. KJ1970:335;
YK1976:105; OT1968:754.
Mnemonic: BAMBOO PIPE UNDER CONTROL
BY OFFICIAL
467
L3
関
KAN, seki
barrier,
connection
14 strokes
KANTŌKantō district
KANSHINinterest
sekinoyamaone’s utmost
Bronze ; seal ; traditional . Has 231
‘(double) gate’, and (CO, original meaning
‘treadle on a loom’) as phonetic with associated
sense ‘side, turn sideways’ (Mizukami also
notes tentative alternative interpretation as
‘pierce, penetrate’), to give ‘fasten gate by putting
bolt sideways across left and right sides’.
Yamada considers that ‘treadle on a loom’
was connected by cords to the upper parts and
this probably gave rise to ‘connection’ as an
extended sense. The meaning ‘barrier’ may be
seen as an extended sense derived from fastened
gate. MS1995:v2:1388-90; KJ1970:146-7;
YK1976:105-6. We suggest taking 关 as variant
62 ‘heaven’, and 70 meaning ‘sent away’.
Mnemonic: THE GATES OF HEAVEN ARE A
BARRIER – SENT AWAY
468
観
KAN
Seal ; traditional . Has 20 ‘see’ or 76
watch, observe
‘eye’, with 雚 (properly CO, ‘crested bird’)
L3
18 strokes
being used as a phonetic with associated sense
‘turn, rotate’, to give ‘look all around’. KJ1970:
KANKŌsightseeing
340-41; MS1995:v2:1180-81; YK1976:107;
KANSATSUobservation
KZ2001:3053/3671. We suggest taking as a
KANKYAKUspectator
crested variant of 324 ‘short-tailed bird’.
Mnemonic: BIRD WATCHER OBSERVES
CRESTED BIRD
469
願
GAN, negau
request, wish
L3
19 strokes
SHIGANSHAapplicant
GANBŌTEKIwishful
negaigotoprayer
Seal ; a late graph (Shuowen). Has 103
‘head’, and 119 (‘spring/plain’) as a phonetic
with associated sense ‘big’, to give ‘large head’.
The meaning ‘request, wish’ is a loan usage.
YK1976:109; KJ1970:337-8; OT1968:1108.
Mnemonic: I WISH TO LAY MY HEAD ON AN
OPEN PLAIN
The 200 Fourth Grade Characters 161