480531170

408
L4
服
FUKU
clothes, yield, serve
8 strokes
FUKUSŌclothing
FUKUJŪsubmission
Hattori*a surname
OBI ; seal . The OBI form (left-hand) corresponds
to 1450 ‘boat, hollowed-out vessel’,
with , made up originally of a hand positioned
typically at the back of an element representing
a person kneeling submissively (Katō) but here
acting as phonetic with associated sense such
as ‘lie/face downwards’, or ‘adhere to something’,
to give overall meaning ‘work while looking
down into a vessel (boat/large container)’.
Mizukami gives an additional associated sense
‘boards attached tightly to sides of a boat’, and
409
福
FUKU
good fortune
L3
13 strokes
KŌFUKUhappiness
FUKUbikilottery
FUKUINSHOGospels
OBI forms , . The first OBI form has /
‘altar, deity; show’ 723, and a CO 畐 as semantic
and phonetic meaning ‘(full) wine jar’ (it is a
pictograph of a wine jar). The second OBI has
these two elements and in addition two hands,
on this basis posits the extended meaning
‘something worn close to the body, clothes’.
Additionally, may be treated as also having
a semantic role: if ‘hand’ is taken with the
other element interpreted as ‘person kneeling
submissively’, this gives the meaning ‘obey, submit’
(Ogawa, Shirakawa). MS1995:v2:1100-01;
KJ1970:793-4; OT1968:481; SS1984:750. Note:
The element in , which has gone through
an intermediate stage , is an altered form of
, and is not 18 ‘moon’ or the abbreviated
form of 209 ‘meat, flesh’, which were often
confused from an early period (though useful
as mnenomics). We suggest taking as a hand
reaching up to clothes hoist.
Mnemonic: SERVILE HAND PUTS CLOTHES
ON HOIST UNDER THE MOON
generally taken as indicating a person receiving
wine after a ritual offering it to the deities.
On this basis, the overall original sense of the
graph was ‘sacred/auspicious wine from a ritual
to the gods’. It then underwent a change to
a more generalised meaning to ‘something
received from the deities’, and by extension
‘good fortune’. KJ1970:827; MS1995:v2:954-5;
YK1976:438. We suggest taking the right-hand
components as 1 ‘one/single’, 22 ‘mouth/
entrance’, and 63 ‘field’.
Mnemonic: ALTAR AT SINGLE ENTRANCE TO
FIELD – WHAT GOOD FORTUNE
410
L4
物
8
BUTSU, MOTSU,
mono
thing
strokes
JINBUTSUperson
SHOKUMOTSUfood
tabemonofood
OBI ; seal . Has () 108 ‘cow’, and an
NJK (originally a graph with OBI forms taken
as mostly depicting fluttering streamers of
different colors, but then adopted through loan
usage for a word meaning ‘not’) as phonetic
with associated sense ‘various’, to give overall
meaning ‘cow of various colors (mottled hide)’.
A generalised shift in meaning gave rise to the
sense ‘things’, which according to Schuessler
is already found in OBI texts. KJ1970:830-32;
MS1995:v2:832-3, v1:146-8; YK1976:439-40;
AS2007:520.
Mnemonic: COW WITH STREAMERS FROM ITS
HORNS – WHAT A FUNNY THING
The 200 Third Grade Characters 145