480531170

263
L4
寒
KAN, samui
cold
12 strokes
KANPAcold spell/wave
samuKEa chill
KANDANKEIthermometer
Bronze form A ; bronze form B ; seal form
. Form A shows a roof/dwelling, with gathered
vegetation inside to keep occupant warm from
the cold (Shirakawa). Form B additionally has
two horizontal lines sometimes taken to represent
ice (Yamada), but ice was not normally
represented in this way; instead, the lines might
indicate mats to lie on (Shirakawa, Karlgren also
in broad agreement). YK1976:102-3; BK1957:58;
SS1984:124-5. We suggest taking middle part
as 1575 ‘well’, as variant of 80 ‘six’, plus
‘ice’ 401.
Mnemonic: SIX ROOFED WELLS ICE OVER IN
THE COLD
264
感
KAN(jiru)
A late graph (Shuowen) . Has 164 ‘heart’,
feeling, emotion and (NJK graph based on a halberd: see e.g.
L3
13 strokes
545) as phonetic with associated sense ‘shake’,
to give ‘shaking heart’, and so ‘feeling, emotion’.
KANSHINadmiration
KJ1970:215; YK1976:104; OT1968:379. Suggest
KANKAKUsense
taking as ‘mouth’ 22.
KANJŌfeelings, emotion
Mnemonic: FEELING HEART IN THE MOUTH
WHEN FACING A HALBERD
265
L4
漢
KAN
Han China, male
13 strokes
KANJIcharacter
AKKANrogue
KANSHIChinese poetry
Ironically, one of the most etymologically
obscure characters. Bronze . Has 42 ‘water’,
with right-hand side as phonetic (associated
sense unclear). Originally referred to the Han
River (modern Shaanxi Province), one of the
most important tributaries of the Yangtze River;
later taken as name for the Han dynasty by its
founder Liu Bang, as that region was where he
began building the dynasty. At an early period,
non-Han ethnic groups in China referred to
Han Chinese as ‘sons of Han’, and by
extension the general sense ‘male’. KJ1970:223;
OT1968:599; YK1976:104; SS1984:128. We suggest
taking the right hand element as 601
‘man’, 22 ‘mouth’ and 53 ‘grass/plant’, with
a little geographical licence.
Mnemonic: MAN FROM MOUTH OF HAN
RIVER IN GRASSY HAN CHINA
266
館
KAN
large building, hall
L4
16 strokes
KAIKANhall
RYOKANinn
BIJUTSUKANart gallery
Late graph (Shuowen) . Has 163 ‘meal/
eat’, and 465 (modern meaning ‘official’) as
phonetic with associated sense ‘building to
work in’, then ‘building’ in general or ‘house’
(Yamada). Shirakawa sees differently as originally
a temporary building used by army on
the move for ceremonial use, then ‘building’ in
general sense. Katō takes the graph as ‘place to
stay/eat’. KJ1970:335; YK1976:106; SS1984:131;
KJ1985:669.
Mnemonic: OFFICIAL EATS IN HALL
110 The 200 Third Grade Characters