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1603
L1
羨
13
SEN, urayamu/mashii
envy, enviable,
envious
strokes
SENBŌenvy
urayamashiienviable
urayamube envious, envy
Seal ; late graph (Shuowen). Has 426
‘sheep’, here in the extended sense ‘good to
eat’, and 㳄 (CO ‘saliva, drool’, see Note below),
giving ‘see something delicious and drool’.
Ogawa proposes taking ‘feel envy/jealousy’
as an extended sense. Note: 㳄 consists of
42 ‘water, liquid’, and 496 (‘lack’; originally,
pictograph of person kneeling with mouth
open) as semantic and phonetic, giving
‘saliva; drool’. Note also that 1603 has both
aspects, envious and enviable. TA1965:533;
OT1968:800; MS1995:v2:736-7.
Mnemonic: ENVIOUS SHEEP LACKS
WATER – NOT EXACTLY ENVIABLE
1604
腺
SEN
gland
L1
13 strokes
SENNETSUglandular fever
RUISENtear gland
HENTŌSENthe tonsils
A very late graph; belongs to the kokuji category
(graph devised in Japan based on the
formational principles of Chinese characters).
The reading SEN is therefore a pseudo-on
reading, based by analogy on that of 926
SEN (‘spring’). The graph comprises 209
‘flesh, meat; body’, with as semantic and
phonetic, interpreted either as ‘bodily organ
which secretes liquid’ (Ogawa,Gu), or ‘bodily
organ which has line shape’ (Shirakawa).
OT1968:826; GY2008:1627; SS1984:523.
Mnemonic: GLAND IN BODY EXUDES LIQUID
LIKE A SPRING
1605
L1
詮
13
SEN
clarity, discuss, select,
reason
strokes
SENSAKUsearch, inquiry
SENGIdiscussion, inquiry
SHOSENafter all
Seal ; a late graph (Shuowen). Has 118
‘words; speak’, and 347 ‘complete’ as
semantic and phonetic, giving ‘explain/set
out in detail’. OT1968:929; TA1965:574-5;
GY2008:737.
Mnemonic: WORDY DISCUSSION BUT WITH
COMPLETE CLARITY
1606
践
SEN, fumu
step, act
L1
13 strokes
JISSENpractice
JISSENTEKIpractical
SENSOaccession
Seal ; a late graph (Shuowen); traditional
form: . Has 54 ‘foot, leg’, and 545
(‘fight, cut to pieces’; the traditional form
depicts two opposing halberds, q.v.) as pho-
netic with associated sense taken either as i]
‘arrange’, giving ‘put one’s feet where others
have trodden’ (Ogawa), or ii] ‘accumulate,
pile up’, giving ‘put one foot after another’
(Shirakawa). Either way, ‘tread, step’ is the
resultant meaning; ‘take action’ appears to be
an extended sense. QX2000:258; OT1968:972;
TA1965:569-72; SS1984:523.
Mnemonic: FOOT STEPS ON TWO HALBERDS,
LEADING TO ACTION
476 The Remaining 1130 Characters