480531170

968
L1
肺
HAI
lung(s)
9 strokes
HAIBYŌlung disease
HAIENpneumonia
HAIZŌlungs
Seal ; late graph (Shuowen). Has 209 ‘flesh,
meat’, and (originally pictograph of plant
emerging above ground [not 144 ‘market/
city’]), taken in one analysis as phonetic with
associated sense ‘emerge from within’, to give
‘body organ from which breath emerges’, i.e.
969
L1
俳
HAI
amusement, actor
10 strokes
HAIYŪactor
HAIKUhaiku poetry
HAIJINhaiku poet
Seal . Analyses differ. Probably most persuasive
is that which takes as 41 ‘person’, and
794 (‘not’) as phonetic with associated sense
‘hunchback, ugly’, to give ‘(male) hunchback’. In
ancient China, the nobles had many dwarf servants
who were hunchbacks, and who would tell
970
L1
班
10
HAN
squad, group,
allot
strokes
HANCHŌsquad leader
KYŪGOHANrelief squad
HANTENa spot
Bronze ; seal . Has CO ‘jade/jewelled
tablet pair’ (to show lord-vassal relationship), and
198 ‘knife, cut’, felt here to act as abbreviation
of 218 ‘divide’ as semantic and phonetic,
971
晩
BAN
evening, late
L3
12 strokes
BANmeshievening meal
BANKAlate summer
KONBAN waGood evening
Seal ; late graph (Shuowen). Has 66 ‘sun,
day’, and 2018 (‘avoid, escape’) as phonetic
‘lungs’ (Katō, Yamada). An alternative analysis
based on the seal form (and the Shuowen
interpretation) of takes original meaning as
leaves of a plant opening on opposite sides,
giving both semantic and phonetic with associated
sense ‘divide in two’, to give ‘organ
divided in two’ (lungs) (Katō, Ogawa). The first
analysis above seems preferable; the second
might apply equally to ‘kidneys’. Suggest taking
as ‘city’ for mnemonic purposes. YK1976:409;
KJ1970:753,472; TA1965:651; OT1968:820.
Mnemonic: MEAT FROM THE CITY MIGHT
DAMAGE YOUR LUNGS
amusing stories and perform song and dance
routines at banquets; on the basis of such activities,
extended senses evolved such as ‘jest’ for
(Katō, Yamada). In support of this view is the
fact that in medieval Europe deformed persons
were often employed as jesters. Ogawa prefers
to analyze as phonetic with associated sense
‘oppose, go against’, giving ‘persons who amuse
others by doing unusual things’. Yamada looks
to identify a bronze form for . KJ1970:754-5;
YK1976:410; OT1968:71.
Mnemonic: AN AMUSING ACTOR IS NOT A
PERSON!?
giving ‘jade tablet marking subservience’ – one
out of a pair given by the chief ruler (or later, the
emperor) to individual local nobles or lesser rulers
as a symbol of their subservience. Later generalized
to ‘divide’ and ‘distribute’, which involves
some sort of group structure, so ‘group’ may be
a further extended sense. Also used now as variant
of 1869 ‘spot’. YK1976:418-9; KJ1970:788;
MS1995:v2:854-5; AS2007:155.
Mnemonic: SQUAD RECEIVES A CUT OF THE
JEWELS
with associated sense usually taken as ‘disappear,
not clearly visible’ (Ogawa says ‘incline
towards’), giving ‘sun disappears’, i.e. ‘sunset’.
YK1976:419-20; KJ1970:791; TA1965:735-9;
OT1968:47.
Mnemonic: THE SUN ‘ESCAPES’ EVERY
EVENING – A SIGN IT’S GETTING LATE
The 181 Sixth Grade Characters 297