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1237<br />

緊<br />

KIN<br />

tight, compact, tense<br />

L1<br />

15 strokes<br />

KINCHŌtension<br />

KINKYŪcrisis<br />

KINMITSU compactness<br />

Seal ; late graph (Shuowen). Has 29<br />

‘thread/string’, and NJK 臤 (now means ‘hard,<br />

wise’, but bronze form originally depicted a<br />

hand [ 2003] pulling out an eyeball [ 543,<br />

now meaning ‘minister’]) as semantic and<br />

phonetic, meaning ‘pull straight’, to give ‘pull<br />

strings/thread straight’ (Gu), ‘pull strings/thread<br />

tight’ (Ogawa), or ‘bind tight’ (Schuessler).<br />

‘Tense’ is an extended sense. Note: Shirakawa,<br />

who similarly gives the meaning of 臤 as ‘to<br />

destroy an eyeball’, believes it was made part of<br />

a sacrificial ritual when something important<br />

was being sought from the deities. GY2008:<br />

1036,605; OT1968:785; SS1984:212; AS2007:315.<br />

We suggest taking the components literally,<br />

though gruesome.<br />

Mnemonic: HAND PULLS OUT EYEBALL AND<br />

THREADS IT TIGHT – QUITE TENSE<br />

1238<br />

L1<br />

錦<br />

KIN, nishiki<br />

brocade, showy<br />

16 strokes<br />

Kara nishikiChinese brocade<br />

nishikigoicolored carp<br />

nishikiE colored print<br />

Seal ; late graph (Shuowen). Has NJK ‘white<br />

silk, silk cloth’, with 16 ‘gold’ as semantic and<br />

phonetic, giving ‘silk fabric with gold color’.<br />

Tōdō, following an explanation in the Shiming<br />

dictionary of ca. 200AD, treats as indicating<br />

this type of fabric is the most valuable,<br />

just as ‘gold’ is the most valuable metal.<br />

‘Brocade’, a cloth which does not necessarily<br />

use silk, is extended sense. Note: comprises<br />

1232 ‘cloth fragment, cloth’, with<br />

69 ‘white’. GY2008:1609; OT1968:320,315;<br />

MS1995:v1:438-9; TA1965:822.<br />

Mnemonic: GOLD BROCADE ON WHITE<br />

CLOTH IS SHOWY<br />

1239<br />

L1<br />

謹<br />

KIN, tsutsushimu<br />

circumspect<br />

17 strokes<br />

KINGENseriousness<br />

KINKEIDear Sirs<br />

tsutsushinde respectfully<br />

Seal ; late graph (Shuowen). Has 118<br />

‘words; speak’, and (‘sacrificial burning’: see<br />

1236) as phonetic with associated sense ‘scant,<br />

sparse; barely’, giving ‘restrain one’s words, be<br />

cautious’. Note: for etymology of , see 1236.<br />

OT1968:939; KJ1970:294; TA1965:695-8. For<br />

explanation of mnemonic, see 1236.<br />

Mnemonic: ODD MASTER USES<br />

CIRCUMSPECT WORDS WHEN GETTING<br />

GRASS IN EYE<br />

1240<br />

襟<br />

KIN, eri<br />

collar, neck, neckband<br />

L1<br />

18 strokes<br />

KYŌKINbosom, heart<br />

KINDOgenerosity<br />

erikubi nape of neck<br />

A late, post-Shuowen graph. Has / 444<br />

‘garment’, and 682 (‘forbid, ban’) as phonetic<br />

with associated sense ‘close, shut’, thus ‘garment<br />

seam’; ‘neckband, collar’ is an extended sense.<br />

OT1968:910; SS1984:213.<br />

Mnemonic: COLLARS ARE BANNED GARMENTS<br />

368 The Remaining 1130 Characters

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