480531170

854
L1
筋
KINNIKUmuscle
sujimichi logic
sujigakisynopsis
KIN, suji
muscle, sinew, thread,
sources
12 strokes
Seal ; late graph (Shuowen). Typically
taken as amalgamation in the shapes of i]
(NJK ‘ribs’; originally 78 ‘strength, effort’
as phonetic with associated sense ‘ribs’, with
209 ‘flesh’), giving ‘ribbed lines’ (Katō),
‘prominent lines’ (Ogawa), together with ii] 竻
(CO, ‘lengthwise lines in bamboo’). The basic
underlying meaning of is ‘distinct lines’, and
hence ‘sinew, tendon, muscle’. YK1976:140;
KJ1970293-4; OT1968:750.
Mnemonic: BAMBOO HAS STRONG FLESHY
THREAD-LIKE SINEWS
855
L1
系
KEI
lineage,
connection
7 strokes
KAKEIfamily lineage
KEITŌ system, line
KEIRETSUsuccession
OB: ; seal . Shows two lengths of thread
joined up by hand, thus ‘join threads’;
generalised to ‘connect; be attached’. A less
common alternative analysis is also listed by
Mizukami, viz. 29 ‘thread’, with taken
as meaning ‘extend out’, giving ‘join threads
up and extend’. ‘Lineage’ is extended sense.
YK1976:147; KJ1970:358-9; MS1995:v2:1004.
Mnemonic: LINEAGE IS COMPOSED OF
TWISTED CONNECTED THREADS
856
L3
敬
KEI, uyamau
respect
12 strokes
SONKEIrespect
KEIGO polite language
uyamaireverence
Bronze ; seal ; traditional 敬 . Has 112
‘beat’, and (originally showing person kneeling/bending)
as phonetic or as semantic and
phonetic. Views as to meaning differ. One takes
as ‘restrain oneself’, thus ‘be respectful’ (Mizukami).
Another takes as ‘warn, caution’ (Katō,
Tōdō). This contrast of meanings is because in
early Chinese the different words concerned
were near-homophones. It seems likely 敬 originally
meant ‘show respect’, and that it was later
borrowed for ‘warn’, since originally showed
a kneeling figure bending forward, and the
word concerned for ‘warn’ came to be written
in some cases as (with 41’person’ added).
MS1995:v1:580-82,v2:1110-12; KJ1970:277;
YK1976:149; OT1968:441; TA1965:495-7;
AS2007:317. Take as 53 ‘plant’, and 683
‘phrase’.
Mnemonic: BEATEN INTO USING RESPECTFUL
PHRASES ABOUT PLANTS
857
警
KEI
Seal ; traditional 警 . Has 118 ‘words;
warn, reproach, police speak’, and 敬 / 856 (‘respect’) as semantic
L3
19 strokes
and phonetic meaning ‘warn, make
cautious’, giving ‘warn with words, warn’.
KEIKANpolice officer
MS1995:v2:1212-3; OT1968:943; YK1976:150-51.
KEIKOKUwarning
Mnemonic: WARNED TO USE RESPECTFUL
KEISATSUpolice
WORDS TO POLICE
The 181 Sixth Grade Characters 267