New_System_of_Geogra.. - Medievalcoinage.com

Wurtemberg.] GERMANY, i8
the acquifition of the fix firft, as having been longeft in their poiTeflion, is
unknown.
I . The city and difl:ri(ft of Stuttdgarf.
Stuttgart, or Stuttgardt, the capital of the dutchy and refidence of the
duke, Hes in a delightful country on the Nifenkach, which at about one
Gerfnafi league's diftance from it runs into the Nechar. The city of itfelf
is not large, but contains two well built fuburbs, which are called the Reiche
and Bjjzhnger. The counts and dukes of Wurtemberg have had their refidence
here ever fince the year 1321. Eberhard Lewis indeed removed to Ludwigsburg
in the year 1727, but in 1733 Duke Charles Alexander removed
hither again. The new ducal palace here was began in the year 1746.
The building of the old one employed them from the vear 1^53 to 1 570.
Near it ftands the chancery, which is a handfome ftone ftrufture ; and on
the other fide of the palace, towards the eafi:, are the wt'w^'^rr/Vand fummerhoufe,
the latter of which is admired for its curious architedure. It was
built in the year 1584, confifts wholly of fi:one and contains two ftories, in
each of which is a falon. The uppermoft of thefe is two hundred and one
feet in length, feventy-one in breadth and fifty-one high, being arched and
having pillars on the outfide. This falon is fitted up for a theatre. To the
fouth of the old palace (lands the new building, as it is called, which was
erefted betwixt the years 1599 and 1609. In the lower part of it are
the duke's ftables, and in the middle a large room for folemnities, and over
that an armory. The cabinet of curiofities here is at prelent in the Prince's
buildings, as it is called. The duke's ofiices in this city have been mentioned
above, §.14. In the dutchy-houfe both the committees of the country
and the circular Diets afiTemble. The fee of its bifliop, which was anciently
at Beutelfpach, was removed to this place in the year 1321, on
which account the church of the Holy-Crofs is fiiled the cathedral.
Exclufive of this, among the German-Lutheran churches, are thofe of
the hofpital church and St. Leonard. The French-Lutheran congregation
here have the exercife of their public worfhip in the palace church belonging
to the convent of Bebenhanfen, and the French reformed meet in
a room of the old palace. In this town is alfo a fpecial fuperintendency,
and a gytnnaJJum illußre of feven clafl'cs, the reiftor of which alio is Padagogarcha
or Governor of the fchools in the country under the Steige.
The filk manufaftories of Stuttgardt make all forts of lluffs, ftockings,
and ribbands. The origin of this town is uncertain; in the year 1283
it was befieged without fuccefs by Rudolph I. but in 1287, he reduced
Count Eberhard to fuch fiireights that he was compelled to promile the
demolition of the walls of the city. In the year 1520 and 1567, the
whole city was again furrounded with walls; in 1546 and 1547 it fuffered
greatly by the Spaniards-, in 1634, and the following yccirs, by
the Imperialifis ; and in 1688, 1693, and 1707, by xhc Fretich.
Vol. V. B b To