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14 GERMANY. [Salzburg.
twenty-five German miles, and from north to fouth fixteen, or from the
extremity of the limits in Upper-Bavaria \.o thofe of- Caruith'm twentv-four,
u hilft others reduce both the length and the breadth to no more than eighteen
Gervum miles,
§. 3. This country is defended on all fides by mountains and narrow
paffes, or rather conllds entirely of niountains and values. No manner of
'^rain is fown here, whence it is fupplied with all its corn from Bavaria ;
but every part of it produces hay of a peculiar goodnefs, and this proves a
fup.d for [)reeds of exxellent >:attle in it. The horfes here in particular are
efteemed for their beauty, hardinefs and vigor, being able to travel full
fpeei up the highefl: mountains, and that fupported by no other food than
hay and grafs witliout any oats. At HalUin, which ftands about two hours
diftance from the city of Salzburg, are fait- works belonging to the Sovereign,
in which fait of all colours, yellow, red, blue and white, is hewn out from
along the fubterraneous lanes, and then afterwards dilTolved in freflo-water,
which is conveyed into pits, of the brine of which is made the fineft (alt
but thefe works are carried on only in fummer, a fufficient quantity being
made in that feafon not only for home confumption, but likewife to anfwer
all foreign demands. Indeed Bavaria is the only country to which it is exported,
and there, according to an ancient compadf made betwixt the two
Princes, is it exchanged for corn. In this archbifhopric are likewife very
confiderabie mines of gold, filver, copper, lead, iron and /apis calaminaris.
A great deal of fteel and brafs is alfo made here, and the plenty of thefe lafi:
.metals remarkably appears in the aOionilhing numbers of fwords, fabres,
bayonets, mulTcets, canon and mortars which are to be feen in the armories all
over the country. Exclufive too of other foffiles, in this bifhopric is found a
very good marble. At Aign is a cold, and at Gaflein a hot bath. The principal
river here is the Salza, or Sahach, which rifes within the country, in the valley
of Krumbkr, towards the county of Tyrol, watering a great part of it, and
after receiving into it the little rivers of Saal and Gaftein, the fources of
which lie alfo in this archbifhopric, continues its courfe into Upper-Bavaria,
where it falls into the Inn, which waflies a fmall part of the weftern fide
of the archbifliopric. In it alfo rife the Ens znd. Muer, exclufive of a great
number of other little flreams, rivulets and lakes, all which abound in
variety ot fidi. The largeft of thefe lakes lie towards the frontiers of
Außria.
§. 4, In the archbifiiopric are fix cities and twenty-five market-towns.
The eftates of the nobility here enjoying lower jurifdidtion over the
vaffals, are ftyled Hofmarkte. All peafants here univerfally are allowed
the ufe of arms, and being from their early years trained up to fliooting at
a mark and military-duty, would, on occafion, prove a very ferviceable
body. Inflead of foccage they pay into the county-treafury a certain contributipn
in money, which is paid again on the demand of their refpedive
Lords.