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Heffe.]
GERMANY,
§. 7. In Hcße are m^nufaclories of gold, linen, cloth, hats, ftocklngs,
gloves, paper, Gff. Cqff'el, in particular, makes a very beautiful porcelain.
§. 8. TiiC H-'JJiaiu are dcfcended from the Cafti^ who had their particular
Princes. The Catti, Chatti, Chci/Jt, Ha/fi and Hc/ii, are but one and the fams'
name. In 902, under Lewis the Child, Conrad the Elder, together with GeMuird,
Eberhard iiXid Conrad the lounger, counts o{ Htjp, fignalifed themfelves by
inteftine wars; the lafl became even King of G(rr/7/rf;;r; and it appears, that, in
confequenceof this exaltation, He^e was given to Otto his younger brother;
at leaii he had fome lands in Longau. From him probably was dcfcended
Leivis the Bearded, count of HcJJ'e, and to whom, beiides Heßl', the Emperor
conferred a part of 'Tburingia; but his grandfon Z-^-w/i obtained all Thuringia,
together with the title of Landgrave, and with HeJJe trantmitted it to his
pofterity, of whom Henry Rafpe dÄed without heirs in the year 1249. ^^'s
elder brother, Lewis the Pious, had a daughter named Sophia who was
flilcd countefs of Thiiringia and married to Henry V, duke of Brabant. The
fruit of this marriage was Henry I. furnamed the Child, who took on hirn
the fhyle of Landgrave of Thuringia and lord of Heß'e ; and, by Adolphus,
fCingof the Romans, w^as, in the year 1292, created a Prince of the Empire,
and Heße erected into a Principality, though it infenfibly afterwards
came to be commonly termed a Landgravate. One of his defcendants,
Lewis I. added to HeJ/e the counties o: Ziege??hayn and Nidda, on condition
that it should be accounted an accellory fief of HeJJe, and that, on the failure
of the male line of the counts of Zicgenhayn it flhould efchcat to the Landgrave,
which happened not long after ; for it appears that 'John, the laft
count thereof, was dead in the year 1445. The two eldeft fons of this
Lewis made a partition of the country of Heffe among themfelves, by virtue
of which one poffeffed all the country on this lide the Spieje, and the other
the country along the Lahn, together with the lordfliips of Zicgenhayn and
Nidda. The latter alfo, by his marriage with Amie, daughter to Philip,
count of Katzencllnbogen, annexed that county to Heße. Philip the Magnanimous,
grandfon to LewisW. was fovereign of all Hejfe ; and it is from him
that all the modern Landgraves derive their extradlion. In his will he
divided his dominions among his four fons, alTigning to the eldeft, PP'iU
Ham IV. founder of the CaJJi'l line, one half, to Lewis IV. a quarter,
and the two others, Philip I. and George I. founder of the Darmßadt
line, the other quarter. Philip l\. oi Rheinfeis died, in the year 1583,
without heirs, upon which his three brothers Ihared his territories. In the
year 1604 alfo died without heirs Lewis IV, of Marburg, leaving Marburg
and its dependencies to Cajfcl, and the country of Gießen to that of Dartn-
Jtadt ; but this divifion occafioned contefts betwixt the two families, which
were not adjufted till the year 1648. Thus in Heßi; are two fovereign families,
betwixt whom all the Heßian territories are divided ; namely, thofe
of Cajßd and Darmßadt , but many articles have continued in common
among.
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