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Middle-Mark.] GERMAN T.
659
micircular pallage, adorned on each fide with columns ; befidcs which the
palace is furrounded alio on three fides of it with fine gaidens.
3. Werder, a fmall town feated on an illand, or IVerdcr, in the midO:
of the Havel, and having but one accefs to it, and that by naeans of a bridge.
4. Spandau, a town which is indeed not large, but thriving and well
inhabited. It ftands on the Havel, by the feveral branches of which it is
alio furrounded, and at the gate ot Streß here, that river receives into it
the Spree. In the town is a corredion and fpinning-houfe. Before it, in
that part where the Spree runs into the Havel ftands a fort, which, as well
on account of its works as of the rivers and morafles around it, is a place
of very confiderable ftrength. Near it too, fince the yv;ar 1722, an excellent
foundery for arms has been eftabliihed. The Eledtor George William
was obliged in 163 i to cede this fortrefs to the Siuedes, who refigned it
again in 1634.
5. Nauen, a. town, which fince the fires it has fuffered by in 1 414, 151 3,
1570, 1626, 1696, 1743, has been almoft entirely built anew. This
place Is famous for its agriculture and its breed of cattle.
6. Rateuo, a town feated on the Havel, from which a canal is drawn
round the old town quite to that river, and lined with free-ftone. This
canal is furniflied with fluices, through which all veflels are to pafs on payment
of a certain toll. The town itfelf contains in it to the number of fix
hundred fire-places, and is divided into the old and new. The latter of
thefe was founded about the year 1730, and adorn -d with very grand
houfes, in which divers noble families refide. In 1675 the Eledior Frederick
William furprized theStoedißj regiment of colonel PFangelin at this place,
part of whom were cut to pieces, and the reft with their colonel made prifoners.
In 1738 the Land-ftates, at the expence of upwards of 16000 rixdollars,
erefted a grand ftone monument in the new town to the honour of
this great eledtor ; on which monument he is reprefcnted ftanding, with
four prifoners of a gigantic fize at his feet. On the four fides of the [:edeftal
are fome German infcrlptions relative to the above-mentioned happy
furprizal of the Swedes at this place, and their defeat near Fehrbellin and
Warfehau, as alfo to the taking of the fortrefs of ^/r^?./««^ in 1678. In
1576 and 1591 this town was almoft wholly deftroyed by fire.
7. The prefedlurate of Oranienburgj to which belongs
Oranienburg, formerly called Botzau, a fmall town feattd on the Havel^
with a confiderable citadel belonging to it.
The Marggrave J'^jn ceded this
place and its prefeöurate in 1439 ^^ ^^^ family oi Arnim, which continued
in pofleflion of them both for feveral years, till they purchafed their redemption.
The Eledtor 'Joachim II. built here a hunting-houie. The E^lcdor
Frederick V/iUiam likewife eredted a confiderable citadel here, which in
honour of his confort Louifa, Prlncefs of Orange, he named Oranienburg j
and this name the town alfo has from that time obtained. King Frederick I.
4 P 2 caulcd