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Culmbach.] GERMANY, ^21
Above the town ftands the mountain-fortrefs of Blajcnburg^ or Vlaßenburg,
which by way of diftinftion from the old ruinous fortrefs thert-, is
called Nciv-Blajjhihurg. This Ibrtrefs devolved at the fame time v.'ith the
town oi Culmbach, from the Dukes of Mfrö« to the Counts of OrArw^/Zi/,
and from them to the Burggravesof Nürnberg, and was formerly a refidence
of the Marggrave of Brandenburg-Bayreuth ; and denominated not from
this ftrong citadel, but the town of Cuhnbach which lies below it. The
fortrefs has a commandant of its own, and in it are kept the common archives
of the Prince. In 1554
it was taken and demoliflied after a lont^
liege by the bilhops of Bamberg and Wurzburg, and the
but in
town of Nürnberg;
1557 they were compelled to pay to the Marggrave George-Frederick
the fum of 175000 florins, towards rebuilding it, which this Marggrave
alfo accomplifhed ; and in 1608 it was ftill further fortified by the Marggrave
Chriflian.
2. Himmelkron, a parochial-village, with a marggravial palace in it, fituated
in a pleafant valley on i\\t PFhite-Mayn, amidft line meadows, gardens,
fields, and woods. The palace here was built by the Marggrave George
William, and the Marggrave George Frederick Charles eredted a riding- houfe
at this place ; and for the more commodious attendance on the heron-chafe
alfo another building called the Falkenhaube. Formerly there flood here a
nunnery of ladies of the Cijlercian order, which was founded in 1280 by
Count Otto I. of Orlamund, out of his own palace and the place of Pretzendorf.
In 1338 this village was ceded, together with Culmbach and Plajfenburg,
by Count Otto II. oi Orlamund io ihe Burggravcs of Nürnberg, by way
of recompence for right of protection ; but in 1569 was fecularized, and
converted into a marggravial foundation, or revenue-ofHce, which is divided,
as they are called into nine quarters. The buildings of the old
cloyfter were repaired by the Marggrave Chrißian Erneß, and rendered fit
for the reception of himfelfand court; and, exclufive of the garden here,
he likewife laid out a walk of 1000 paces in length. At the old foundation-church
a proper Proteflant minifter officiates, and in it is a buryingplace
of the Marggraves.
3. Winberg, a borough and prefeclurate. A good green vitriol is prepared
at this place.
4. Stambach, a parochial-village, in which is a princely prefedturate.
.
5. Schauenßein, a citadel and market-borough, or, as it is alfo called, a
fmall town, in which is a prefedturate. The Burggrave Frederick V. purchafed
this place, with fome other villages, in the year 1386 of the
houfe of Riegel, for 126177/^. weight cf hellers.
6. Helmbrecbt, a citadel, market-town, and prefedurate, purchafed at
the fame time with Schauefißein of the family of Riegel.
7. Seubelfdorf 3.nd CaJ'endorJ, both parochial-villages and prefedturates.
III. The provincial-captainfhip of HoJ, to which belongs
,
I. Hof,