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Culmbach.] G E R M A N T,
1. Gefrees, a fmall town, in which the upper amt-office has hs feat.
This place fuffered great damage by fire in the year 1757.
2. Berneck, a fmall town, and the feat of a prefedurate, which was
mortgaged by the Counts of Orlamwid io the Burggraves, and in 1338 it
•was agreed, that if Count Otio died without iffue it fliould defcend to the
Burggraves of Nürnberg, which accordingly happened.
3.
Goldcronach, a fmall-town, feated on the river Cronach, which runs
quite through the middle of it, and containing an amt and a mine-office.
This place was firft begun to be ereded in the year 1365, a golu mine
being at that time difcoveied there, which proved very beneficial, but in
1669 declined. In 1695, however, feme gold was found here, of which
double ducats were coined. Before the year 1365 this place arofe out of
three gentlemen's feats. In 1559 and 1630 it was burnt down. In thefe
parts alfo is found a variety of marble.
4. Stein, a village, containing an amt-office.
VIII. The upper-prefedlurate of Creusen, to which belongs
1. Creufen, in Latin Crufina, a fmail town, feated on the Red-Mayn, in
which is the upper amt-office, and where great quantities of fine earthenware
are alfo made. This place probably belonged to the burggravate
before the year 1251, but in that year the Burggrave Frederick II. or III.
fuffered himfelf to be inverted therewith by the Emperor Conrad. The
Burggraves anciently caufed money to be coined there.
2. Old-Creufen, a village. The Emperor Charles IV. granted to the
Burggrave Frederick V. the liberty of raifing this place to be a walled
town.
IX. The upper-prefefturate of Pegnitz, to which belongs
1. Pegnitz, a fmall-town, feated on xh.Q Pegnitz, and containing in it
the upper-amt and revenue-office. This place came from the crown of
Poland io the burggravate, YJmg Wenzel, in the year 1402, granting it in
fief, together with fome other places, to the Burggrave John III.
2. Liiidenhard, a parochial-village, in which is a prefedu rate-office.
3. Plecb, a market-town, containing an amt-office, belonging to which
is the village of Spies, the citadel whereof is fallen to decay.
X. The upper-prefefturate of Osternohe, fituated in the parochialvillage,
and mountain-citadel of Oßer?whe, which lies near the feigniory of
Rothenburg,
belonging to the upper-palatinate.
XI. The upper-prefedurate of Neustadt at the Ca/wt'«, to whichbelongs
I. Neußadt am Culmen, am rauhen Culmen, or between the Citlmen, a ftnall
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town, taking its name from the two mountains between which it lies. In.
it is the upper amt-office. The citadel of Culmen and fome other villages
were mortgaged by the Landgrave Frederick of Leuchtenberg, and his ion
Frederick, in the year 1281, to the Burggrave Frederick II. or III. for the
fum of four hundred marks of filver, who afterwards diverted themfclves
Vol. V. I i i thereof;