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C
V/iirtemberg.]
GERMANY,
with a parifh-church in it founded about the year 1450, and which is alfo
called the caftle of Afperg, or Under- Afperg,
193
15. The town and diltrift of Calw. In it
Calw^ a town fituate on the Nagold with a fpecial fuperintendency in it
and a cloth manufafture, and containing alfo a trading company. This
place formerly belonged to the Wiringau, or Wirmgau. Afterwards it had
particular counts of its own who occur in hiftory fo early as the beginning
of the nth century. In the fecond half of thfe 13th century part of
this earldom devolved to the Palatine of 'Tubingen^ and the other part to the
counts of Schelklingen. In the year 1308 the Counts Co/'/r^^, Ulrich, and
Henry of Schelklingen transferred their half of the county to Count Eberhard
oi Wurtemberg ; and in 1345 Count William of 7z//'/;/g-t72 fold his half of
the county of Calw for 7000 lb. weight of hellers, or 5200 florins, to
Count Eberhard of Wurtejjiberg. The caftle in which the ancient Counts
of Calw are faid to have rcfided, flood on a hill above the town ; but in
1600 was razed ; and the town itfelf in 1635 laid in allies by the Imperiallfts,
and in 1692 again by the Fr^«^/6.
The diftridl of Calw contains eight pariflies,
namely,
Altbiirg, Braitenberg, Dachtel, Deckenpjrond, Mottingen, Neuweiler and
Zwerenberg,
Za-veljhin, a little town feated on a mountain. To it belongs a hamlet
lying in a narrow valley beneath it.
Deynach, thrsugh which the rivulet of Dcynach runs, and celebrated for
its excellent and delightful fprings.
16. The little town oi WilJbald, which lies in a deep valley on the rivulet
of £«2, and was purchafed by the counts of Wurtemberg together with the
town oiCalw. This town is the feat of a fpecial fuperintendency and famous
alfo for the virtues of its warm baths. In the years 1457, '525,
it was wholly burnt down, but is now rebuilt much hand-
1645 and 1742,
fomer than ever, and in particular contains many elegant improvements in
its
baths.
17. The town and ^\^x\dioi Neuenburg.
Neuenburg, a fmall town feated in a valley on the little river of EnZy
feems formerly to have belonged to the county of Calw, having together
with that county been fold to the houfe o( Wurtemberg, who in 1361 were
inverted with it as a fief by the crown of Bohemia. In 1519 the Swabian
confederacy having made themfelves mafters of this dutchy, the town and
diflri(fl of Neuetiburg were mortgaged to Francis von Sickingen ; but in
1534 Duke Ulrich again recovered all. The caftle which ftands on a hill
near it, is at prefent the refidence of a ranger of the foreft. In fome old
pits in the neighbourhood of this town are found great quantities of thofe
excellent iron ftones called glafs-heads or blood-ftones, and from their fize
and figure Bohn-Erze or bean-ore.
Vol. V.
.
c The