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5^6
GERMANY. [Middle-Mark.
this country mention alfo has been made more than once. The circle is
divided into,
I, The proper HatellaJid, in which is,
I. Brandenburg, ai) immediate town, from whence the whole eledlorate
takes I's
name, and wliicb upon public and general occafions, ranks the firft
among the leveral towns of the Mark in giving in its vote and lubfcribing.
It lies on the Haijel, which not only divides the old and new town from
each other, but alio leparates the fort from them both, and likewife environs
the nev/ town to the left of it with a particular trench, on which a
fluice has been ereifl:cd. The IFends retaining this country ftill in their poffeihon,
Brandenburg in their language was called Branmbor, that is, JValdburg.
CBiirlcmagne made himlelf mafter thereof; but towards the clofe
of the ninth century under King Arnulph the Wendi recovered it again.
King He?iry I. deprived them of it a fecond time by force in the year 928,
aboliihing their idolatrous worfhip which they performed to the T'riglaf o\\
the mountain of ///r7rA//7g-, and built thereon a church in honour ot the
Virgin Mary ; from which time the mountain has had the name of the
Marienberg. At prefent the church is no longer in being, but the mountain
is planted with wines. The Emperor Otto I. in the year 949, eieded
a biihopric at this place. Under the Emperor Otto II. the Wendi retook
the town ; and though towards the clofe of the tenth century it fell twice
again into the hands of the Germam, yet it was foon after loft. In 1 loi it
was reduced anew by the Marggrave Luther Udo II. but came again under
the power of the Wends, whofe King Pribizlaus, eftablifhed his refidence
at this place, which together with the whole country was made a donation
of to the xMars^rave Albert the Bear.
The old town here contains about four hundred inhabitants, and the
new town about twice that number. Both thefe towns ever fince the year
1714 have been under the diredlion of one magiftracy. Each of them contains
in it two churches. At the head-church of the new town refides the
fuperintendent of the fpiritual infpedion of this place. The building which
formerly ferved as the biHiop's feat, and ftood in the old town, was conferred
in 1 56 1, by the eledoral Prince John George, as adminiftrator of the
bifliopric, on a branch of the family of Bardeleben, who difpofed of it in
1567 to Matthias of Salder?!, and by the widow of the latter it was allotted
in 1569 for a town-fchool, which is ftill called the Salderißj-fchool. In the
new town is alfo a Latin fchool. At Brandenburg likewife is a fmall colony
of iv-^wci^ Cahinifls, together with a manufadlure of cloth, fuftian,
and canvas. In this town too is carried on a good trade and navigation, and
on the Havel at this place a toll is eftabliflied.
The fort here looks like a fuburb. In it lies the cathedral church, as
alfo the refidences of the greateft part of the members of the chapter, and
a riding-fchool, in which young noblemen are inftrudted. Under biOiop
Matthias