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54.4-
G E R M A N r. [Saxony.
daughter to the latter married the fon of Duke Henry the Swartfoy, named
Henry the Magnaniraom (but whom his enemies called Henry the Haughty)
Duke of Bavaria, who obtained of his father-in-law cither in 1126 or
1127 alfo the dutchy of Saxony. But K^mg Conrad III. ftripped him of it,
and conferred it on Adelbert Marggrave of Salzwedel, commonly fWed
Albert the Bear, and fon to the above-mentioned Otto oi Afcania by his
confort Eilika, but he was driven out by the Saxons. Henry the Lion, fon
to Henry the Magnani^mm, arrived again to the poffeffion of all his paternal
countries, and was a very powerful Prince, commanding from the Rhine to
the V/eichfcl, but was by the Emperor Frederick I. in the year 1
179, unjuftly
put under the ban, by which means he loft his countries and eftates in
Italy and Swabia, as alfo the dutchies of Bavaria and Saxony, infomuch
that he onlv retained his hereditary eftates and conquerred countries,
together
with the fiefs which he held not of the Empire but of other Lords,
i\nd even in thefe his enemies afterwards made great encroachments. In
this place we are only to mention fomething of the previous difmembering
of the dutchy of Saxony at that time. The unfortunate Duke Henry the
Lion retained Eaflphafia almoft entirely, and the greateft part of it even
belonged to his hereditary eftates, which the Emperor could not deprive
Ijim of. But Wejlphalia and Engern were divided by the Emperor, and
given one part of them to the archbifhop oi Cologn, the other (which extended
through the trad; of the Lower-Rhine, the biflioprics of Munßer,
Ojnabruck, and Minden, which by tlie Wej'er was feparated from Eaflphalia)
to Bernhard of AJcania, fon to the above-mentioned Albert the Bear, whom
he declared Duke of Saxony. This new Duke, however, obtained no part
of the dutchy of Saxony except the title,
neither did he venture to aflume to
himfelf any degree of power in the (hare of the dutchy of IVeßphalia and
Entern, which had been conferred upon him ; the Marggrave oi Salzwedel
or Brandenburg did not fubmit to him ; the Landgraves of I'huringia no
longer acknowledged his power ; the IVendiJh Lords, over whom Henry
the Lion had exercifed a fevere fubjeftion, raifed up their heads ; the Counts
of Holßein, Ratzeburg, Danneber g, Oldenburg, Schwerin, Hoya, Diepholz,
Luchau, with fome others in Saxony refufed any longer to own the fuperiority
of the new Duke ; the archbilhops of Hamburg, or Bremen, and
Magdeburg, as alfo the \i\^oy^%oi Ojnabruck, Paderborn, Verden, Hildeßoeim,
Munjkr, Halberßadt, Minden, &c. together with the town of Lübeck, fet
themfelves likewife at liberty. For which reafon Count Henry of Afca^na,
fiift-born fon to Duke Bernhard, preferred the county of Anhalt to the
dutchy of iSöÄ-öW, ceding the latter to his younger brother Duke Albert.
This Duke Albert, however, re-annexed feveral parts of the old dutchy
by his bravery and condu6t, fubjedting to his dominion Count Henry of
Scb-iioerin,
and reducing alfo Ratzeburg and Lauenburg, and even laying the
foundation of a new principality in Lower-Saxony. This ihort hiftory carried