RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amphibian Toxicology Literature

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Table 2 - Field Studies - 13 Contaminant a Species Code b Lifestage Exposure Route f Study Endpoint g Pesticide Appl. Rate Location, Area, State, Country c Study Date Effects de Reference k dieldrin RACA tadpole PESTAPP MORT 0.11 - 0.56 kg/ha field tests, CA, USA < 1962 Complete tadpole kill. Mulla 1962 k dieldrin RACA tadpole PESTAPP MORT 0.11, 0.56 kg/ha pond 1962 100 % mortality after 1 d in each of 0.11 and 0.56 kg/ha appl. areas. k Mulla 1963 dieldrin TESE adult PESTAPP MORT 3.7% knap- Chipangali area, Rukuzi 1962-64 Snakes were caught and died later. Wilson 1972 sack spray and Chamatunda, Zambia Many other mammals and birds were either found dead or died after capture from this spraying. dieldrin THKI adult PESTAPP MORT 3.7% knap- Chipangali area, Jafulira, 1962-64 “ Wilson 1972 sack spray Rukuzi and Chamatunda, Zambia dieldrin XXSN adult PESTAPP MORT 800 g/ha Guinea savanna zone, 1974 11 snake species were found dead or Koeman et al. 1978 Lame Burra, Dan Bagudu, Rafin Dinya, Nigeria dying after spraying. diesel CLMA juvenile- ENVIRON POPSUR spill Hayford Creek, Trinity 1970 1 turtle found dead on bottom of Bury 1972 adult R., CA, USA one of the sections of the stream. 2 juvenile turtles found in poor condition. Eyes and necks of all three were swollen. Movements of live turtles were uncoordinated and they were unable to either swim or sink. diesel RABO tadpole ENVIRON POPSUR spill Hayford Creek, Trinity 1970 1843 individuals were killed. Some Bury 1972 R., CA, USA were beginning the stages of metamorphosis. No adult frogs found dead. diesel THCO adult ENVIRON POPSUR spill Hayford Creek, Trinity 1970 36 dead snakes found. Several Bury 1972 R., CA, USA snakes were seen that appeared to be noticeably sluggish in their movements. diflubenzuron HYRE tadpole PESTAPP MORT 0.04-0.045 foothills, CA, USA 1974 HYRE tadpoles tolerated the Miura et al., lb ai/acre treatment. diflubenzuron SCHA tadpole PESTAPP MORT 0.04-0.045 foothills, CA, USA 1974 SCHA tadpoles tolerated the Miura et al., lb ai/acre treatment. dioxins GRFL adult ENVIRON POPSUR Pascagoula R., MS, USA 1995-96 Populations downstream from mill since dioxin release in 1991 have disappeared. Mendonca et al. 1996 diquat BUBU adult PESTAPP DEVOBS 1 mg/L sprayed pond, UK < 1977 No death or changes in activity or development within 32 d. Cooke 1977 k diquat RACA tadpole PESTAPP BEHAV 0.5 ppm ai/acre pond, USA < 1977 No mortality. Johnson and Gieke 1977 diquat RATE adult PESTAPP DEVOBS 1 mg/L sprayed pond, UK < 1977 No deaths or changes in activity or development within 32 d. Cooke 1977 k diquat TRVU adult PESTAPP DEVOBS 1 mg/L sprayed pond, UK < 1977 No death or changes in activity or Cooke 1977 development within 32 d; continued to breed. k
Table 2 - Field Studies - 14 Contaminant a Species Code b Lifestage Exposure Route f Study Endpoint g Pesticide Appl. Rate Location, Area, State, Country c Study Date Effects de Reference k diquat, nabam RACL adult; 2nd PESTAPP GENOTOX PQ, CAN 1993 There was no difference between Lowcock et al. 1997 and 3rd year potato crop treated fields and control group in terms of genotoxic effects (chromosomal fragmentation and abnormal DNA profiles). diquat, nabam RACL juvenile PESTAPP GENOTOX PQ, CAN 1993 There was no difference between potato crop treated fields and control group in terms of genotoxic effects (chromosomal fragmentation and abnormal DNA profiles). Juveniles showed physical deformities and illnesses. Lowcock et al. 1997 endosulfan BUBO juvenile PESTAPP MORT 1.12 kg/ha residential area, unknown < 1962 98 % control of juvenile toads in 24 Mulla 1962 h. k endosulfan CHXE adult (caged PESTAPP ? not given) MORT 14 g a.i/ha savanna woodland, Zimbabwe < 1979 No deaths after 19 d post treatment. Cockbill 1979 k endosulfan RACA tadpole PESTAPP MORT 0.11 kg/ha pond < 1962 Complete die off of tadpoles. Mulla 1962 k endosulfan RACA tadpole PESTAPP MORT 0.11, 0.56 kg/ha pond, CA, USA 1962 60 % mortality at 0.11 kg/ha; 100 % mortality at 0.56 kg/ha. Mulla 1963 k endosulfan RACA tadpole PESTAPP MORT 0.11, 0.56 kg/ha pond, CA, USA 1962 100 % mortality 0.56 kg/ha after 1 d; 10 % mortality at 0.11 kg/ha after 1 d. Mulla 1963 k endosulfan RACL adult and PESTAPP MORT Hamilton, Brantford , 1993-95 Hatching success/survival rates at Harris et al. 1998 young of Guelph, ON, CAN site 1 were 95 and 20-95% in 1993 the year and 1994 respectively and ref site 1 were 97-100 and 87-97%. endosulfan RAPI adult and PESTAPP MORT Hamilton, Brantford , 1993-95 Endosulfan was non-detectable at all Harris et al. 1998 young of Guelph, ON, CAN of the orchard sites; hatching the year success ranged from 5-100%; survival ranged from 0-95%. endosulfan SCHA juvenile PESTAPP MORT 1.12 kg/ha residential area, unknown < 1962 98 % control of toads in 24 h. Mulla 1962 k endosulfan XXSN adult PESTAPP MORT 800-1000 g/ha Guinea savanna zone, Lame Burra, Dan Bagudu, Rafin Dinya, Nigeria 1974 11 snake species were found dead or dying after spraying. endrin RACA tadpole PESTAPP MORT 0.11 - 0.56 kg/ha field tests, CA, USA < 1962 Complete kill of tadpoles. endrin RACA tadpole PESTAPP MORT 0.11 - 0.56 pond (0.025 ha), CA, USA 1962 90 % mortality after 5 d at 0.11 kg/ha kg/ha; 100 % mortality after 1 d. endrin RAES tadpole PESTAPP MORT 0.047 mg/L artificially evacuated pool, < 1979 Caged tadpoles alive only at most (without devel. limbs) unknown distant test stations after 72 h. Koeman et al. 1978 Mulla 1962 k k Mulla 1963 Wohlgemuth and Trnkova 1979 k
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RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amp
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RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amp
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ABSTRACT Many amphibian and reptile
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PRÉFACE De nombreuses populations
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract………
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LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Contaminant
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INTRODUCTION Why is there a need fo
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Limitations of RATL The RATL databa
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Contaminant a Species Code b Lifest
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Table 1- Field Residues - 20 Contam
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Contaminant a Species Code b tar XE
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Table 4: Laboratory studies not inc
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Contaminant a Species Code b Cd AMG
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Table 5: FETAX data. [FETAX (Frog E
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Table 5 - FETAX Studies - 3 Contami
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Contaminant a Contaminant b Concent
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Table 5 - FETAX Studies - 11 Contam
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Table 6: pH study data. (Studies th
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Table 6 - pH Studies - 3 Species Co
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Species Code b Lifestage Study Endp
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Table 6 - pH Studies - 13 Species C
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Table 7: Reviews of primary literat
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Table 7 - Reviews - 3 Review Title
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Table 8 - Population Status - 2 Pop
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Table Notes Note a : see Appendix 2
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References - 2 Anderson, L.M. and R
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References - 4 Bantle, J.A., D.J. F
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References - 6 Beresford, W.A. , M.
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References - 8 Bishop, C.A, P. Ng,
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References - 10 Bragg, A.N. 1964. M
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References - 12 Burke, E.M. and F.H
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References - 14 Chattopadhyay, D.P.
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References - 16 Cooke, A.S. 1974. T
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References - 18 Dash, M.C. and A.K.
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References - 20 DeWitt, J.B., D.G.
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References - 22 Dutta, S.K. and P.
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References - 24 Elisyeyeva, K.H., H
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References - 26 Fontenot, L., C. Ro
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References - 28 Frisbie, M.P. and R
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References - 30 Godet, F., M. Babut
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References - 32 Gunther, R. and J.
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References - 34 Harfenist, A., T. P
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References - 36 Herkovits, J. and C
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References - 38 Hota, A. K. and M.C
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References - 40 Johnson, C.R. 1972a
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References - 42 Karns, D.R. 1984. T
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References - 44 Kraskowski, H.V., K
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References - 46 Leblanc, G.A. and L
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References - 48 Lotshaw, D.P. 1977.
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References - 50 Massot, M., J. Clob
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References - 52 Mendonca, M., J. Sh
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References - 54 Munro, D.F. 1949. E
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References - 56 Oliveira, E.M., D.V
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References - 58 Paulov, S. 1977b. T
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References - 60 Pierce, M.E. 1958.
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References - 62 Raj, T.P., A. Jeban
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References - 64 Rolfe, G. L., A. Ha
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References - 66 Sassaman, J.F. 1978
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References - 68 Semlitsch, R.D. and
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References - 70 Sparling, D.W., T.P
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References - 72 Surova, G.S. and A.
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References - 74 Tomar, V. and A. K.
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References - 76 Vijverberg, H.P.M.,
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References - 78 White, D.H. and A.J
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References - 80 Wyman, R.L. and J.
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Appendix 1a: Species codes in alpha
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Appendix 1a - Species Codes - 3 Cla
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Appendix 1a - Species Codes - 11 Cl
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Appendix 1a - Species Codes - 13 Cl
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Appendix 1b - Species Common Names
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Appendix 1c - Species Scientific Na
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Appendix 2a: Contaminant codes foun
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Appendix 2a - Contaminant Codes - 3
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Appendix 2b: Contaminants sorted by
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Appendix 2b - Contaminant Type - 3
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Appendix 4: Descriptions of exposur
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Appendix 6a: Glossary of Abbreviati
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Appendix 6b: Relevant biological an
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Appendix 6b - Glossary of RATL term
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RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amphibian Toxicology Literature

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