RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amphibian Toxicology Literature

Table 6 - pH Studies - 16
Species
Code b
Lifestage Study
Endpoint g
pH Level(s)
Temp h Additional
Contam a
Cont.
Conc.
Conc.
e
Units
e
LC50 LC100 e
Effects eg
Reference k
HYAN embryo HATSUC 3.75-5.8 In acidic bog water: 20 % hatching at pH
3.75; 85 % hatching at pH 4.0 and 93 %
hatching at pH 4.10.
Freda and Dunson 1986 k
HYAN embryo DEVOBS pH 3.8 = 50 % or more developed normally. k
Gosner and Black 1957
HYAN tadpoles DEVOBS 3.9-6.25 Reduced pH had no direct effect on either
HYAN or less acid tolerant competitor
species RASP or HYVE.
Pehek 1995
HYCI tadpoles BEHAV 4.5, 5.5, 7.0 25.1- Al 150, 250,
96 h LC50 for Al at pH 4.5: 277 µg/L. Jung and Jagoe 1995
26.3
400
Mortality increased with increased Al
concentration at pH 4.5 but not at 5.5.
Tadpoles exposed to pH 4.5 and Al exhibited
bent stubby tails, gut edema, and curved
bodies.
HYCI tadpoles BEHAV 4.5, 5.5, 7.0 25-26 Al 150 Tadpoles exposed to Al were smaller and
exhibited deformities and reduced swimming
speeds. Dragonfly larvae consumed a similar
amount of tadpoles biomass among
treatments and thus more of the smaller Al
exposed tadpoles.
Jung and Jagoe 1995
HYFE embryo HATSUC 3.46-8.69 50% hatching success observed at pH=3.35. Warner 1994
HYFE tadpoles DEVOBS Density of HYGR was found to have the
greatest effect on both species tested, pH
and density of HYFE also had significant
effects. Low pH caused decreased survival of
HYGR, but increased that of HYFE.
Warner et al. 1991
HYFE tadpoles DEVOBS 4.3-6.0 Higher density decreased survival, increased
larval period and decreased size at
metamorphosis; pH: lower survivorship at
low pH than HYGR and decreased size at
metamorphosis; in general less affected by
pH variation than HYGR.
Warner et al. 1991
HYGR tadpoles DEVOBS Density of HYGR was found to have the
greatest effect on both species tested, pH
and density of HYFE also had significant
effects. Low pH caused decreased survival of
HYGR, but increased that of HYFE.
Warner et al. 1991
HYGR tadpoles DEVOBS 4.3-6.0 Higher density increased larval period and
decreased size; lower pH decreased survival
rate and also decreased size at
metamorphosis; lower pH increased
susceptibility of tadpoles to adverse effects
of higher densities.
Warner et al. 1991