RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amphibian Toxicology Literature

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Table 2 - Field Studies - 31 Contaminant a Species Code b Lifestage Exposure Route f Study Endpoint g Pesticide Appl. Rate Location, Area, State, Country c toxaphene/ CHPI adult PESTAPP MORT Walborn Ranch, Tullock camphechlor Creek, MT, USA Study Date Effects de 1959 74 were found alive 1 d after spraying, 67 were found alive 12 d after spraying, some displayed symptoms of poisoning , a lack of coordination, 15 were found dead (others may have been lost to a raccoon predator). Reference k Finley 1960 toxaphene/ camphechlor RACA tadpole PESTAPP MORT 0.11, 0.56 kg/ha field tests, CA, USA < 1962 100 % kill of tadpoles. Mulla 1962 k toxaphene/ camphechlor RACA tadpole PESTAPP MORT 0.11, 0.56 kg/ha pond, CA, USA 1962 0 % mortality at 0.11 kg/ha; 100 % Mulla 1963 mortality at 0.56 kg/h after 1 d. k toxaphene/ RAPI adult PESTAPP MORT Walborn Ranch, Tullock 1959 19 were found dead after spraying. Finley 1960 camphechlor Creek, MT, USA toxaphene/ camphechlor SCHA juvenile PESTAPP MORT 1.12, 2.24 kg/ha golf course greens < 1962 95 - 98 % control of juvenile toads. k Mulla 1963 toxaphene/ THSI adult PESTAPP MORT Walborn Ranch, Tullock 1959 2 were found dead after spraying. Finley 1960 camphechlor Creek, MT, USA trichlorphon GAGA adult PESTAPP PHYSIO 10 kg/ha Canary Islands, Spain < 1993 High sensitivity to OP and extremely slow recovery of serum BChE with respect to other vertebrate species; high correlation found between the destructive biomarker brain AChE and the nondestructive biomarker serum BChE 24 h after treatment. Fossi et al. 1995 UV BUBO egg RAD HATSUC Cascade Mntns., OR, USA < 1994 BUBO exhibited reduced hatching success compared to HYRE. Blaustein et al. 1994b UV HYRE egg RAD HATSUC Cascade Mntns., OR, USA < 1994 HYRE experienced greater hatching Blaustein et al. 1994b success than BUBO and RACS. UV RACS egg RAD HATSUC Cascade Mntns., OR, USA < 1994 RACS exhibited lower hatching success than HYRE. Blaustein et al. 1994b UV-B AMGR embryo RAD HATSUC OR, USA 1994 The hatching success of AMGR was significantly greater under sunlight lacking UV-B than under unfiltered sunlight or sunlight filtered to remove shorter wavelengths but not UV-B. Blaustein et al. 1995 UV-B AMTI egg RAD POPSUR CO, USA < 1996 Sig. mortality occurred at UV-B levels between 95.8 and 273 uW/cm 2 . Carey et al. 1996 UV-B BUBO embryo RAD HATSUC 280-340 nm Rocky Mountain National 1994 No difference in hatching success Corn 1998 UV-B Park, CO, USA for embryos exposed to 0-100% ambient UV-B radiation. UV-B BUBU embryo RAD MORT Sierra de Gredos, Central 1996 UV-B radiation had a detrimental Lizana and Pedraza 1998 Spain, Spain effect on embryo survival. UV-B BUCA embryo RAD MORT Sierra de Gredos, Central 1996 No difference found between Lizana and Pedraza 1998 Spain, Spain treatments and controls.
Table 2 - Field Studies - 32 Contaminant a Species Code b Lifestage Exposure Route f Study Endpoint g Pesticide Appl. Rate Location, Area, State, Country c Study Date Effects de Reference k UV-B BUWO larvae RAD POPSUR CO, USA < 1996 BUBO had more tolerance to UV-B than BUWO between 95.8 and 273 uW/cm 2 Carey et al. 1996 . UV-B BUWO tadpoles RAD POPSUR CO, USA < 1996 95.8-273 uW/cm 2 ; toadlets had more tolerance than tadpoles for UV-B radiation. Carey et al. 1996 UV-B HYCA embryo RAD HATSUC Cold Creek, Santa Monica 1996 Solar UV-B had dramatic effects on Anzalone et al. 1998 Mntns, Los Angeles, CA, embryonic survival, no effect on USA hatching time for surviving embryos. UV-B HYRE egg RAD MORT Victoria, BC, CAN 1995 No sig. differences between treatments Flamarique et al. 1998 UV-B HYRE egg RAD HATSUC ponds outside Victoria, BC, 1995 No differences in hatching success Ovaska et al. 1997 CAN between treatments (blocked UV, ambient sunlight, and UV-B enhanced by 15-30%). UV-B HYRE embryo RAD HATSUC Cold Creek, Santa Monica 1996 UV-B had no effect on hatching Anzalone et al. 1998 Mntns, Los Angeles, CA, USA success or time to hatch. UV-B HYRE larvae RAD MORT ponds outside city, 1995 Reduced survival occurred for Ovaska et al. 1997 Victoria, BC, CAN enhanced UV-B (15-30%); treatments (18%) compared to ambient sunlight and control treatments. UV-B HYRE tadpole RAD MORT Victoria, BC, CAN 1995 1 month later: 18.4% survival, 16/20 had lens opacities. Flamarique et al. 1998 UV-B RAAU egg RAD GENOTOX Williamette Valley, OR, 1995 Hatching success was unaffected by Blaustein et al. 1996 USA UV-B; photolyase activity was high relative to other amphibians. UV-B RAAU egg RAD MORT Victoria, BC, CAN 1995 Significantly high increase in egg mortality with enhanced UV-B treatment. Flamarique et al. 1998 UV-B RAAU egg RAD HATSUC ponds outside city, 1995 Sig. differences in hatching success Ovaska et al. 1997 Victoria, BC, CAN between treatments (blocked UV, ambient sunlight) and the enhanced UV-B (15-30%) treatment. 56% hatched for UV-B enhanced and 90% hatched in ambient sunlight. UV-B RAAU larvae RAD MORT ponds outside city, 1995 Reduced survival occurred for Ovaska et al. 1997 Victoria, BC, CAN enhanced UV-B (15-30%); treatments (2.6%) compared to ambient sunlight and control treatments. UV-B RAAU tadpole RAD MORT Victoria, BC, CAN 1995 1 month later: 2.6% survival. 12/16 had lens opacities. Flamarique et al. 1998
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RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amp
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RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amp
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ABSTRACT Many amphibian and reptile
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PRÉFACE De nombreuses populations
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract………
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LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Contaminant
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INTRODUCTION Why is there a need fo
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Limitations of RATL The RATL databa
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Contaminant a Species Code b Lifest
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Table 1- Field Residues - 20 Contam
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Table 1- Field Residues - 54 Contam
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Contaminant a Species Code b Cd AMG
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Table 5: FETAX data. [FETAX (Frog E
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Table 5 - FETAX Studies - 3 Contami
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Contaminant a Contaminant b Concent
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Table 5 - FETAX Studies - 11 Contam
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Table 6: pH study data. (Studies th
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Table 6 - pH Studies - 3 Species Co
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Species Code b Lifestage Study Endp
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Table 6 - pH Studies - 13 Species C
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Table 7: Reviews of primary literat
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Table 7 - Reviews - 3 Review Title
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Table 8 - Population Status - 2 Pop
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Table Notes Note a : see Appendix 2
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References - 2 Anderson, L.M. and R
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References - 4 Bantle, J.A., D.J. F
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References - 6 Beresford, W.A. , M.
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References - 8 Bishop, C.A, P. Ng,
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References - 10 Bragg, A.N. 1964. M
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References - 12 Burke, E.M. and F.H
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References - 14 Chattopadhyay, D.P.
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References - 16 Cooke, A.S. 1974. T
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References - 18 Dash, M.C. and A.K.
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References - 20 DeWitt, J.B., D.G.
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References - 22 Dutta, S.K. and P.
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References - 24 Elisyeyeva, K.H., H
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References - 26 Fontenot, L., C. Ro
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References - 28 Frisbie, M.P. and R
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References - 30 Godet, F., M. Babut
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References - 32 Gunther, R. and J.
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References - 34 Harfenist, A., T. P
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References - 36 Herkovits, J. and C
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References - 38 Hota, A. K. and M.C
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References - 40 Johnson, C.R. 1972a
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References - 42 Karns, D.R. 1984. T
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References - 44 Kraskowski, H.V., K
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References - 46 Leblanc, G.A. and L
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References - 48 Lotshaw, D.P. 1977.
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References - 50 Massot, M., J. Clob
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References - 52 Mendonca, M., J. Sh
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References - 54 Munro, D.F. 1949. E
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References - 56 Oliveira, E.M., D.V
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References - 58 Paulov, S. 1977b. T
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References - 60 Pierce, M.E. 1958.
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References - 62 Raj, T.P., A. Jeban
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References - 64 Rolfe, G. L., A. Ha
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References - 66 Sassaman, J.F. 1978
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References - 68 Semlitsch, R.D. and
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References - 70 Sparling, D.W., T.P
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References - 72 Surova, G.S. and A.
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References - 74 Tomar, V. and A. K.
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References - 76 Vijverberg, H.P.M.,
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References - 78 White, D.H. and A.J
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References - 80 Wyman, R.L. and J.
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Appendix 1a: Species codes in alpha
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Appendix 1a - Species Codes - 3 Cla
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Appendix 1a - Species Codes - 11 Cl
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Appendix 1a - Species Codes - 13 Cl
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Appendix 1b - Species Common Names
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Appendix 1c - Species Scientific Na
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Appendix 2a: Contaminant codes foun
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Appendix 2a - Contaminant Codes - 3
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Appendix 2b: Contaminants sorted by
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Appendix 2b - Contaminant Type - 3
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Appendix 4: Descriptions of exposur
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Appendix 6a: Glossary of Abbreviati
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Appendix 6b: Relevant biological an
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Appendix 6b - Glossary of RATL term
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RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amphibian Toxicology Literature

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