RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amphibian Toxicology Literature

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Table 2 - Field Studies - 25 Contaminant a Species Code b Lifestage Exposure Route f Study Endpoint g Pesticide Appl. Rate Location, Area, State, Country c Study Date Effects de Reference k not applicable RATI adult ENVIRON DEVOBS < 1976 It was noted during a student demonstration that 15 of 75 male specimens had well developed vocal sacs, testis and nuptial pads, yet fully developed oviducts opening into the cloaca. Acharjyo and Misra 1976 oxamyl RACL adult; 2nd PESTAPP GENOTOX PQ, CAN 1993 There was no difference between Lowcock et al. 1997 and 3rd year potato crop treated fields and control group in terms of genotoxic effects (chromosomal fragmentation and abnormal DNA profiles). oxamyl RACL juvenile PESTAPP GENOTOX PQ, CAN 1993 There was no difference between potato crop treated fields and control group in terms of genotoxic effects (chromosomal fragmentation and abnormal DNA profiles). Juveniles showed physical deformities and illnesses. Lowcock et al. 1997 oxamyl RATE tadpole ENVIRON DEVOBS ditches beside agricultural fields, UK < 1981 Caged tadpoles maintained near potato field showed more deformities. No other fields treated with oxamyl. Cooke 1981 k paraquat RATE tadpole PESTAPP MORT Dover Beck, River Trent, 1964-66 Some mortality did occur after appl. Way et al. 1971 Oxton, Nottinghamshire, UK of the herbicide. parathion BUBO tadpole PESTAPP MORT 0.11, 0.45 kg/ha field tests, CA, USA < 1962 Deemed “safe” to tadpoles. Mulla 1962 k parathion BUBO tadpole PESTAPP MORT 0.11, 0.45 kg/ha pond < 1963 No mortality after 24 h. Mulla et al. 1963 k parathion RACA not specified PESTAPP MORT 1.12, 0.11 kg/ha (6 wetland habitats in < 1966 agricultural areas, CA, USA 1.12 kg/ha abundance or survival not seriously affected; 0.11 kg/ha Mulla et al. 1966 appl.) no apparent effect on populations. k parathion SCHA tadpole PESTAPP MORT 0.11, 0.45 kg/ha field tests, CA, USA < 1962 Deemed “safe” to tadpoles. Mulla 1962 k parathion SCHA tadpole PESTAPP MORT 0.11, 0.45 kg/ha pond < 1963 No mortality after 24 h. Mulla et al. 1963 k parathion-methyl BUBO tadpole PESTAPP MORT 0.11, 0.45 kg/ha field tests, CA, USA < 1962 Deemed “safe” to tadpoles Mulla 1962 k parathion-methyl BUBO tadpole PESTAPP MORT 0.11, 0.45 kg/ha pond < 1963 No mortality after 24 h. Mulla et al. 1963 k parathion-methyl SCHA tadpole PESTAPP MORT 0.11, 0.45 kg/ha field tests, CA, USA < 1962 Deemed “safe” to tadpoles. Mulla 1962 k parathion-methyl SCHA tadpole PESTAPP MORT 0.11, 0.45 kg/ha pond < 1963 No mortality after 24 h. Mulla et al. 1963 k pathogen RATE egg OTHER OTHER Link Cove, Deepdale, Westmorland, UK 1973 Clumps of eggs were found spoiled. Fryer 1973
Table 2 - Field Studies - 26 Contaminant a Species Code b Lifestage Exposure Route f Study Endpoint g Pesticide Appl. Rate Location, Area, State, Country c Pb CACC adult ENVIRON POPSUR Rio deBanco,Rio Ajarahj, Rio Mucajai, N. Central Roraimo, Brazil Pb CAYA adult ENVIRON POPSUR Rio deBanco,Rio Ajarahj, Rio Mucajai, N. Central Roraimo, Brazil Study Date Effects de Reference k 1985-92 Metals are carried up through the food chain and detected in crocodile tissues in levels regarded as of serious concern. Brazaitis et al. 1996 1985-92 “ Brazaitis et al. 1996 Pb RACA egg IMMER HATSUC < 1997 260-1688 µg/L of lead had no effect Stansley et al. 1997 on hatching success of tadpoles. Pb RACA tadpoles IMMER DEVOBS < 1997 260-1688 µg/L lead had no acute effects on tadpoles of RACA. Stansley et al. 1997 Pb RAPA egg IMMER HATSUC Skeet Range, Sussex Co., 1996 25%-100% of range water (198- Stansley et al. 1997 NJ, USA 3150 µg/L) hatching success not affected. Pb RAPA tadpole IMMER DEVOBS Skeet Range, Sussex Co., 1996 25%-100% range water (198-3150 Stansley et al. 1997 NJ, USA µg/L lead), 100% mortality occurred after 10 d. PCB ACCR juvenile ENVIRON REPRO Crab orchard national 1995 One intersex individual found in Reeder et al. 1998 wildlife refuge, Carbondale, control area only. sex ratios IL, USA differed significantly between cont. and control sites. PCB AGCO adult ENVIRON PHYSIO Brazos R., Navasota R. and 1976 Agkistrodon spp. had several times Stafford et al. 1976 Hwy21, central Texas, the NADPH-dependent oxidative TX, USA detoxifying activity of Natrix spp. No consistent differences between sexes in levels of detoxifying enzymes and enzyme activity were observed. PCB AGPI adult ENVIRON PHYSIO Brazos R., Navasota R. and 1976 Hwy21, central Texas, TX, USA “ Stafford et al. 1976 PCB ALMI juvenile ENVIRON PHYSIO L. Apopka, FL, USA 1995 Significantly lower testosterone in plasma in alligators from cont. lakes than from control lakes, 17ßestradiol did not vary; GAM aromatase activity was decreased in cont. lakes. Crain et al. 1997 PCB NAFF adult ORAL PATH cont watershed, SC, USA < 1995 PCB contamination may have affected habitat quality of the cont. creek resulting in a depauperate snake helminth fauna. Fontenot et al. 1995b PCB NEER adult ENVIRON PHYSIO Brazos R., Navasota R. and 1976 Agkistrodon spp. had several times Stafford et al. 1976 Hwy21, central Texas, the NADPH-dependent oxidative TX, USA detoxifying activity of Natrix spp. Oxidase activity was significantly higher in NAER and NAFA than in NARH.
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RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amp
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RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amp
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ABSTRACT Many amphibian and reptile
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PRÉFACE De nombreuses populations
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract………
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LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Contaminant
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INTRODUCTION Why is there a need fo
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Limitations of RATL The RATL databa
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Contaminant a Species Code b Lifest
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Table 1- Field Residues - 20 Contam
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Table 1- Field Residues - 54 Contam
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Table 4: Laboratory studies not inc
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Contaminant a Species Code b Cd AMG
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Table 5: FETAX data. [FETAX (Frog E
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Table 5 - FETAX Studies - 3 Contami
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Contaminant a Contaminant b Concent
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Table 5 - FETAX Studies - 11 Contam
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Table 6: pH study data. (Studies th
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Table 6 - pH Studies - 3 Species Co
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Species Code b Lifestage Study Endp
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Table 6 - pH Studies - 13 Species C
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Table 7: Reviews of primary literat
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Table 7 - Reviews - 3 Review Title
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Table 8 - Population Status - 2 Pop
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Table Notes Note a : see Appendix 2
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References - 2 Anderson, L.M. and R
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References - 4 Bantle, J.A., D.J. F
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References - 6 Beresford, W.A. , M.
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References - 8 Bishop, C.A, P. Ng,
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References - 10 Bragg, A.N. 1964. M
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References - 12 Burke, E.M. and F.H
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References - 14 Chattopadhyay, D.P.
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References - 16 Cooke, A.S. 1974. T
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References - 18 Dash, M.C. and A.K.
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References - 20 DeWitt, J.B., D.G.
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References - 22 Dutta, S.K. and P.
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References - 24 Elisyeyeva, K.H., H
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References - 26 Fontenot, L., C. Ro
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References - 28 Frisbie, M.P. and R
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References - 30 Godet, F., M. Babut
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References - 32 Gunther, R. and J.
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References - 34 Harfenist, A., T. P
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References - 36 Herkovits, J. and C
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References - 38 Hota, A. K. and M.C
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References - 40 Johnson, C.R. 1972a
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References - 42 Karns, D.R. 1984. T
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References - 44 Kraskowski, H.V., K
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References - 46 Leblanc, G.A. and L
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References - 48 Lotshaw, D.P. 1977.
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References - 50 Massot, M., J. Clob
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References - 52 Mendonca, M., J. Sh
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References - 54 Munro, D.F. 1949. E
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References - 56 Oliveira, E.M., D.V
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References - 58 Paulov, S. 1977b. T
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References - 60 Pierce, M.E. 1958.
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References - 62 Raj, T.P., A. Jeban
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References - 64 Rolfe, G. L., A. Ha
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References - 66 Sassaman, J.F. 1978
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References - 68 Semlitsch, R.D. and
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References - 70 Sparling, D.W., T.P
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References - 72 Surova, G.S. and A.
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References - 74 Tomar, V. and A. K.
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References - 76 Vijverberg, H.P.M.,
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References - 78 White, D.H. and A.J
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References - 80 Wyman, R.L. and J.
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Appendix 1a: Species codes in alpha
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Appendix 1a - Species Codes - 3 Cla
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Appendix 1a - Species Codes - 11 Cl
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Appendix 1a - Species Codes - 13 Cl
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Appendix 1b - Species Common Names
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Appendix 1c - Species Scientific Na
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Appendix 2a: Contaminant codes foun
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Appendix 2a - Contaminant Codes - 3
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Appendix 2b: Contaminants sorted by
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Appendix 2b - Contaminant Type - 3
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Appendix 4: Descriptions of exposur
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Appendix 6a: Glossary of Abbreviati
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Appendix 6b: Relevant biological an
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Appendix 6b - Glossary of RATL term
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RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amphibian Toxicology Literature

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