RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amphibian Toxicology Literature

Contaminant a Species
Code b
Lifestage Exposure
Route f
Table 4 - Laboratory Studies - 45
Study
Endpoint g Temp h pH Contaminant
Concentration
e
Mimic 240LV RAPI tadpoles IMMER DEVOBS 15-20 2, 4 and 8
mg/L
Mimic 240LV RASY tadpoles IMMER DEVOBS 15-20 2, 4 and 8
mg/L
Results, Residues, Effects and/or Remarks d,e
For newly hatched (single pulse) minimal mortality occurred.
Less than 30% exhibited abnormal avoidance at 4 mg/L and
recovery was quick (within exposure period).
Less than 30% newly hatched tadpoles were unresponsive to
prodding at 4 mg/L, most recovered within the exposure
period.
Reference k
Coulson 1995
Coulson 1995
mine drainage BUBO zygote IMMER DEVOBS 2.79 All zygotes placed in mine drainage died within 12 h and
before they reached the cleavage stage.
Porter and Hakanson 1976 k
mine drainage LEMA larvae IMMER MORT 12 Mortality rate was a function of exposure time and conc.
Mathews and Morgan 1982 k
mirex XELA adult IMMER MORT 0-5 mg/L Adult vs. development toxicity ratios varied for chemical and Daston et al. 1991
between other animal species tested. A/D ratio=>3.3.
mirex XELA embryo IMMER MORT 0-5 mg/L Defects were noted in embryos exposed for four days postfertilization.
Daston et al. 1991
Mn RACA tadpoles IMMER RESIDUE Results not extracted from paper. Burger and Snodgrass 1998
Mn XELA adult TISPREP PHYSIO Decreased permeability constant in K and Na systems;
reversibly shifted Na activation curve in positive direction
along potential nerve axis.
Arhem 1980 k
Mn XELA embryo IMMER DEVOBS 18 0.001-10 High Mg conc. during Mn exposure resulted in decreased toxic
Miller and Landesman 1978
effects.Increased Mn conc. increased deformities and
decreased survival; 0.2 - 200 Mg in addition to Mn exposure.
k
MNNG XEBO adult INJECT PATH Results not extracted from paper. Picard et al. 1982
monochloramine PLWA larvae (2
mo)
IMMER PHYSIO 20±0.25 Increased number of micronuclei. Gauthier et al. 1989
MPP+ EUOS adult INHAL MORT 1-2% 72 h lethal time to survival past 3 d at 1% conc. Kihara and Yamashita 1978
MPP+ RACL adult INJECT BEHAV 1-5 44/48 animals showed reduced motor ability below 5 mg/kg.
All were impaired at 5 mg/kg.
Barbeau et al. 1985
MPP+ RACL adult INJECT BEHAV 5 Far more toxic than parent compound (MPTP). Barbeau et al. 1985
MPTP TATO adult INJECT BEHAV 100-400
varying
dosages/d
Most died in each treatment within 8 d of injections. Barbeau et al. 1985
MPTP TATO adult INJECT BEHAV 100-400 Motor impairment occurred, mainly "freezing" where animal Barbeau et al. 1985
varying is "paralyzed" in an awkward position for extended periods of
dosages/d time.
MTBE RATE tadpoles IMMER DEVOBS 100-2000 100 ppm in water led to increased weight, stimulated
metamorphosis; < 2000 ppm had no lethal effect.
Paulov 1987a k
MTMC EUOS adult INHAL MORT 2% 24-48 h lethal time. Kihara and Yamashita 1978
Myristate PLWA larvae IMMER GENOTOX 4-40 Frequency of micronucleated erythrocytes: 4 ppm= 9/1000;
40 ppm= 25/1000.
Fernandez et al. 1989
Na3NTA RAPI tadpoles IMMER MORT 600 mg/L No sig. mortality occurred in buffered solutions of 600 mg/L
or less.
Flannagan 1971 k