RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amphibian Toxicology Literature

Species
Code b
Lifestage Study
Endpoint g
pH Level(s)
AMJE terrestrial PHYSIO 3.5, 4.0, 4.5,
metamorph
5.0
AMJE terrestrial
metamorph
Temp h Additional
Contam a
ambient
field
Table 6 - pH Studies - 5
Cont.
Conc.
Conc. e
LC50
e
Units
LC100 e
Effects eg
Low pH exacerbated body water loss in
AMJE metamorphs. Dry mass after the
experiment did not differ between
treatments. Salamanders in pH 3.5 lost
approx. 32% initial wet body mass. Those at
pH 5.0 lost only 2%.
PHYSIO 3.5, 4.0, 4.5 Metamorphs demonstrated a choice of
substrate based on pH. For a period of 24 h
after they were placed in test containers
there was a wide variation in response (no
consistent “choice”).
Reference k
Horne and Dunson 1994
Horne and Dunson 1994
AMLA embryo HATSUC 4.1-4.3 15 0% successful hatch, 59.1% curl for embryos Karns 1992
treated with acidic bog water. 97.3%
successful hatch, 0% curl occurred for
embryos treated with control artificial soft
water (pH 7.5).
AMLA embryo HATSUC 4.2 bog, 7.5 fen No eggs hatched at pH 4.2; 59.1 % embryo
developed but did not hatch; 97.3 % hatched
at pH 7.5.
Karns 1984 k
AMLA larvae MORT 4.2 0% survival at pH 4.2 (bog water), 100%
survival at pH 7.5 (artificial soft water).
Karns 1992
AMLA larvae BEHAV 4.0-6.5 Swimming activity increased linearly with
pH between pH 4.0 and 6.5; activity was
significantly lower at pH 5.0 and near
inactivity occurred at pH 4.0. Stronger linear
relationship than AMMA.
Kutka 1994
AMM
A
adult POPSUR 3.9-6.3 AMMA presence affected by soil pH. Wyman 1988
AMM
A
adult POPSUR 4.1-6.3 Sensitive to acidic conditions. Dale et al. 1985
AMM
A
adult BEHAV 5.5, 7.7 Substrate selection: 60 % selected pH 7.7. Mushinsky and Brodie 1975
k
AMM
A
adult POPSUR 4.1 Successfully breeding at pH 4.1. Dale et al. 1985
AMM all POPSUR 4.3-7.3 Al, Zn Amphibians were present in all 118 potential Glooschenko et al. 1992
A
breeding sites. There were only two
observations of AMMA.
AMM egg MORT 4.0-6.0 > 50 % of eggs removed from acidic ponds Blem and Blem 1989
A
(< pH 6.0) survived pH 4.3 - 4.7 but no
larvae tolerated exposure to pH < 4.0.
AMM
A
egg HATSUC 4.6 - 6.9 0 % hatching success at 4.6 ; 77.1 % at pH
6.9.
Nielsen et al. 1977 k