RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amphibian Toxicology Literature

Species
Code b
Lifestage Study
Endpoint g
pH Level(s)
Temp h Additional
Contam a
Cont.
Conc.
BUAM embryo MORT 4.15-6.23 Al 0.031-
1.155
Table 6 - pH Studies - 11
Conc. e
LC50
e
Units
mg/L
(total
Al)
LC100 e
Effects eg
Mortality correlated only with pH. In two
low-pH ponds, high conc. of dissolved
organic compounds might have been a toxic
component. Generally, decreases in
mortality occurred with pH below 5.0
(exceptions did occur).
Reference k
Freda and McDonald 1993
BUAM embryo HATSUC 3.0-5.5 22.5 Mortality reached 100 % at pH 3.0 and 3.5
within 24 h; embryos died at stages 8-11;
overall hatching success was lower for
embryos exposed to pH 4.0 treatments than
for all other treatments > pH 4.0 regardless
of exposure time.
Leftwich and Lilly 1992
BUAM embryo HATSUC 4.2 bog, 7.5 fen No eggs hatched at pH 4.2; 14.6 %
Karns 1984
developed but did not hatch; 93 % hatched at
pH 7.5.
k
BUAM embryo HATSUC 4.1-6.0 17±3 Al 0.2 mg/L There was significant variation among
clutches, but in general, BUAM hatching
success was reduced at pH 4.1 compared with
pH 6.0. At pH 4.1, 0.2 mg Al/L caused even
greater embryonic mortality. Al toxicity did
not vary among clutches.
Clark and LaZerte 1987
BUAM embryo HATSUC 4.2, 4.4, 4.6,
Al 0, 0.25, mg/L With no Al added, pH had little effect on Freda and McDonald 1993
4.8, 6.0
0.5, 0.75,
mortality of RASY embryos over the range
1.0
of 4.2-4.8. However, at pH 6 (0 mg Al/L)
control mortality (37±6%) was significantly
higher than at the lower pH's. This occurred
due to fungal growth.
BUAM embryo
(early
gastrula)
HATSUC 4.0-6.0 21 Al Results not extracted from paper.
Dale et al. 1985 k
BUAM embryo
(early
gastrula)
HATSUC 3.8-6.0 21 100 % hatched at pH 4.3 - 6.0. 0 % hatched
at pH 3.8.
Dale et al. 1985 k
BUAM tadpoles MORT 4.14-5.75 Al 0-200 Results not extracted from paper.
Clark and LaZerte 1985 k
BUAM tadpoles POPSUR Results not extracted from paper. Mallory et al. 1996
BUAM tadpoles MORT 4.2 0% survival at pH 4.2 (bog water), 100%
survival at pH 7.5 (artificial soft water).
Karns 1992