RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amphibian Toxicology Literature

Contaminant a Species
Code b
Lifestage Exposure
Route f
Table 4 - Laboratory Studies - 60
Study
Endpoint g Temp h pH Contaminant
Concentration
e
Results, Residues, Effects and/or Remarks d,e
saffan CRLE adult INJECT BEHAV 0.25-1.5 ml/kg 28-38 min anaesthesia time poor to unsatisfactory muscle
relaxation, lost righting reflex but constant movement, not
anaesthetised enough for safe handling.
saffan DRCC adult INJECT BEHAV 1.0 ml/kg 40 min anaesthesia time, excellent muscle relaxation and
effect.
Reference k
Calderwood and Jacobson
1979
Calderwood and Jacobson
1979
saffan ELOQ adult INJECT BEHAV 1.0 ml/kg 19 min anaesthesia, excellent muscle relaxation and effect. Calderwood and Jacobson
1979
saffan ELOQ adult INJECT BEHAV 0.50 ml/kg 35 - 60 min anaesthesia time, excellent muscle relaxation and Calderwood and Jacobson
effect.
1979
saffan ELOQ adult INJECT BEHAV 0.5-3.0 ml/kg No effects at 0.5 and 3.0 ml/kg; excellent muscle relaxation Calderwood and Jacobson
and effect at 1.0 ml/kg (anaesthesia time for 66 min). 1979
saffan EPST adult INJECT BEHAV 1.5 ml/kg Excellent muscle relaxation but specimen died. Calderwood and Jacobson
1979
saffan LAGF adult INJECT BEHAV 0.25 ml/kg 8 min anaesthesia time very good muscle relaxation (tail Calderwood and Jacobson
movement), excellent sedation.
1979
saffan LAGG adult INJECT BEHAV 0.25 ml/kg 42 min anaesthesia time, excellent for muscle relaxation and Calderwood and Jacobson
sedation.
1979
saffan NEFF adult INJECT BEHAV 1.0-1.5 ml/kg 41 - 80 min anaesthesia, excellent muscle relaxation and Calderwood and Jacobson
effect; one died.
1979
saffan NEFF adult INJECT BEHAV 0.25 ml/kg 43 min anaesthesia, excellent muscle relaxation and effect. Calderwood and Jacobson
1979
saffan NEFF adult INJECT BEHAV 0.25-3.0 ml/kg No anaesthesia time unsatisfactory muscle relaxation and Calderwood and Jacobson
effect. No effect.
1979
saffan PIME adult INJECT BEHAV 0.5-3.0 ml/kg 0.5 no effect; 3.0 ml/kg excellent muscle relaxation and Calderwood and Jacobson
effect, > 120 min anaesthesia time recovered overnight. 1979
saffan PIME adult INJECT BEHAV 0.25 ml/kg 22 min anaesthesia time, excellent for muscle relaxation and Calderwood and Jacobson
sedation.
1979
saffan PIME adult INJECT BEHAV 0.50 ml/kg 49 min anaesthesia, excellent muscle relaxation and effect. Calderwood and Jacobson
1979
saffan PYRG adult INJECT BEHAV 3.0 ml/kg 90 min anaesthesia, good muscle relaxation and excellent Calderwood and Jacobson
effect.
1979
salinity BUMA adult IMMER PHYSIO 0, 0.1, 1.0% Aldosterone increased with time in 1.0% sea water, cAMP Busacker et al. 1977
sea water and cGMP were elevated at this conc. in kidney.
salinity RAPI adult ORAL MORT 2.6 g/100g Died within one h. Bentley and Schmidt-Nielsen
body wt
1971
sarin RACA adult INJECT MORT 22 0.06-8.0 No effect on frogs at or below 0.5 mg/frog, yet 6% mortality Wilber 1954
mg/frog occurred at 1.0 mg and 67% mortality occurred at 8.0
mg/frog.
sarin XXFR adult TISPREP PHYSIO Inhibition of ACh was recorded and compared to that found
in chicken and rat brain.
Andersen et al. 1977