RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amphibian Toxicology Literature

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Contaminant a Species Code b Lifestage Exposure Route f Table 4 - Laboratory Studies - 66 Study Endpoint g Temp h pH Contaminant Concentration e Results, Residues, Effects and/or Remarks d,e Reference k toxaphene/ camphechlor RAPI adult IMMER BEHAV 5.75-5.83 0.3- 0.6 After 30 d, 40 % of frogs in 0.6 ppm died. Kaplan and Overpeck 1964 k toxaphene/ camphechlor TRSC adult (F) TISPREP PHYSIO Toxaphene had high binding affinity to estrogen sites. Crain et al. 1998a toxaphene/ XELA adult IMMER PHYSIO Toxaphene treated frogs showed sig. levels of vitellogenin Palmer et al. 1998 camphechlor induction. TP CHSE egg IMMER DEVOBS Administration of testosterone propionate caused 42% of the Crews et al. 1989 embryos to develop as females under male-producing temperatures. TPT RAES tadpoles IMMER MORT 6.4-8.1 0.11, 0.81, Decrease in survival and growth rate and an increase in time Fioramonti et al. 1997 1.87 to metamorphosis with TPT exposure alone. TPT RALE tadpoles IMMER MORT 6.4-8.1 0.11, 0.81, Decrease in survival and growth rate and an increase in time Fioramonti et al. 1997 1.87 to metamorphosis with TPT exposure alone. Tribunil BUVU embryo IMMER MORT 0.025- 0.5 ppt No embryos survived to larval stages. Constantini and Andreoli 1972 Tribunil BUVU embryo IMMER PHYSIO 1- 2 % Very toxic to embryo and tadpole developmental stages. Constantini and Panella 1975 Tricaine NOVV adult IMMER PHYSIO 0.3% No sig. changes in heart rate were reported when exposed to MS-222. Pitki and Erdman 1992 trichlorobenzene RAPI adult INJECT PHYSIO Metabolites of substances were isolated and identified by chromatographic and spectroscopic methods. Safe et al. 1976 trichlorphon GAGA adult IMMER PHYSIO High sensitivity to OP and extremely slow recovery of serum BChE with respect to other vertebrate species; high correlation with brain BChE, 24 h after treatment. Fossi et al. 1995 trichlorphon RAES adult IMMER PHYSIO 15 0, 1, 2 and 4 No changes in RBC or Hb levels; increase in haematocrit Szubartowska et al. 1990 mg/L values; increase in erythrocyte volume; RBCs and nuclei were larger. trichlorphon RATE adult INJECT PHYSIO 50-300 Decreased blood parameters (haemoglobin, hematocrit) and leucocytosis. Szubartowska 1979 k trichlorphon RATE adult INJECT PHYSIO 50-300 Reduction in erythrocytes and erythroblasts, hemoglobin, Gromysz-Kalkowska et al. hematocrit, increased thrombocyte numbers. 1986 k trichlorphon RATE tadpoles IMMER DEVOBS 1.8 and 18 mg/L Sig. dif. in mortality and growth in exposure groups. Ranke-Rybicka 1972 trichlorphon RATE tadpoles IMMER DEVOBS 0.9 mg/L Sig. dif. noted in mortality, mobility and growth in exposure Ranke-Rybicka 1972 Foschlorine; 0.0625 mg/L Malathion or mixture: 9 mg/L Foschlorine; 0.625 mg/L Malathion groups.
Contaminant a Species Code b Lifestage Exposure Route f Table 4 - Laboratory Studies - 67 Study Endpoint g Temp h pH Contaminant Concentration e Results, Residues, Effects and/or Remarks d,e Reference k tricyclohexyltin hydroxide EUOS adult INHAL MORT 1-2% 72 h lethal time to survival past 3 d at 1% conc. Kihara and Yamashita 1978 tri-o-tolyl GACA tadpoles IMMER PHYSIO No symptoms were exhibited in GACA exposed in one or two Fulton and Chambers 1983 phosphate/ TTP treatments. tri-o-tolyl phosphate/ TTP HYCH embryo DERMAL DEVOBS 100 Not toxic or teratogenic after dermal exposure. Fulton and Chambers 1985 k tri-o-tolyl PSCR tadpoles IMMER PHYSIO No symptoms were exhibited in PSCR exposed in one or two Fulton and Chambers 1983 phosphate/ TTP treatments. Tritox-30 RATE tadpoles IMMER MORT 0.015-1.92 At low conc. (0.015 mg/L), 12.5% mortality after 96 h. No Wojcik and Ranke-Rybicka mg/L mortality occurred after 24 h in conc. < 0.24 mg/L. At high conc. (1.92 mg/L), 72.5% mortality after 96 h. 1971 Tritox-30 XELA tadpoles IMMER MORT 0.015-1.92 At low conc. (0.015 mg /L) 10 % mortality after 96 h. At Wojcik and Ranke-Rybicka mg/L high conc. (1.92 mg/L ), 83.4 % mortality after 96 h. Growth 1971 inhibited in exposure groups. tryclopyr RACA embryo IMMER DEVOBS 0.6, 1.2, 2.4 No effect. Berrill et al. 1994 tryclopyr RACA tadpoles IMMER DEVOBS 0.6, 1.2, 2.4 2.4 and 4.8 ppm exposure groups died; dose dependent avoidance behaviour response. Berrill et al. 1994 tryclopyr RACL embryo IMMER DEVOBS 0.6, 1.2, 2.4 No effect. Berrill et al. 1994 tryclopyr RACL tadpoles IMMER DEVOBS 0.6, 1.2, 2.4 Dose dependent mortality and avoidance behaviour response observed. Berrill et al. 1994 tryclopyr RAPI embryo IMMER DEVOBS 15 0.6, 1.2, 2.4 No effect. Berrill et al. 1994 tryclopyr RAPI tadpoles IMMER DEVOBS 0.6, 1.2, 2.4 Dose dependent mortality and avoidance behaviour response. Berrill et al. 1994 trypan blue RAPI egg IMMER DEVOBS various Aberrant development. Greenhouse and Hamburgh 1968 trypan blue XELA adult IMMER MORT 0-4000 mg/L Adult vs. development toxicity ratios varied for chemical and Daston et al. 1991 between other animal species tested. A/D ratio= 13.3. trypan blue XELA adult IMMER MORT 0-1000 mg/L Death and defects were noted in embryos exposed for four d postfertilization. Daston et al. 1991 trypan blue XELA embryo- IMMER DEVOBS Lowest effect conc.= 500 mg/L. Developmental toxicity Sakamoto et al. ? larvae occurred in a dose-dependent manner. TSP RATE adult (M) DERMAL BEHAV 13 Slightly elevated lung ventilation during first h and subsequently appeared normal, after 4 d one frog died; decreased mass in treated groups; EC50= 9.7 g/m 2 Oldham and Hilton-Brown . 1992 U CYPY adult TISPREP PHYSIO 10 -6 - 10 -4 M Almost no effect on the electrical properties of stomach mucous epithelial cells. Kanno et al. 1978 k urea RATE adult (M) DERMAL BEHAV One individual showed increased ventilation rates after two h; decreased mass; EC50= 17.5 g/m 2 Oldham and Hilton-Brown . 1992 UV AMGR egg RAD HATSUC Photolyase activity= approx. 1, similar to BUBO, sig. less than HYRE. Blaustein et al. 1994b UV AMMA egg RAD HATSUC Photolyase activity= approx 1, similar to BUBO and TAGR, sig. less than HYRE. Blaustein et al. 1994b
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RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amp
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RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amp
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ABSTRACT Many amphibian and reptile
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PRÉFACE De nombreuses populations
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract………
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LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Contaminant
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INTRODUCTION Why is there a need fo
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Limitations of RATL The RATL databa
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Contaminant a Species Code b Lifest
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Table 1- Field Residues - 20 Contam
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Table 2 - Field Studies - 2 Contami
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Table 2 - Field Studies - 12 Contam
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Table 3: Acute toxicity values from
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Contaminant a Species Code b azinph
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Contaminant a Species Code b tar XE
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Table 4: Laboratory studies not inc
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Contaminant a Species Code b Cd AMG
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Page 197 and 198: Contaminant a Species Code b Lifest
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Page 255 and 256: Table 5: FETAX data. [FETAX (Frog E
Page 257 and 258: Table 5 - FETAX Studies - 3 Contami
Page 261 and 262: Contaminant a Contaminant b Concent
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Page 277 and 278: Table 6: pH study data. (Studies th
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Page 281 and 282: Species Code b Lifestage Study Endp
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Page 289 and 290: Table 6 - pH Studies - 13 Species C
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Table 6 - pH Studies - 23 Species C
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Species Code b Lifestage Study Endp
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Species Code b Lifestage Study Endp
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Table 7: Reviews of primary literat
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Table 7 - Reviews - 3 Review Title
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Table 8 - Population Status - 2 Pop
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Table Notes Note a : see Appendix 2
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References - 2 Anderson, L.M. and R
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References - 4 Bantle, J.A., D.J. F
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References - 6 Beresford, W.A. , M.
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References - 8 Bishop, C.A, P. Ng,
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References - 10 Bragg, A.N. 1964. M
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References - 12 Burke, E.M. and F.H
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References - 14 Chattopadhyay, D.P.
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References - 16 Cooke, A.S. 1974. T
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References - 18 Dash, M.C. and A.K.
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References - 20 DeWitt, J.B., D.G.
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References - 22 Dutta, S.K. and P.
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References - 24 Elisyeyeva, K.H., H
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References - 26 Fontenot, L., C. Ro
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References - 28 Frisbie, M.P. and R
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References - 30 Godet, F., M. Babut
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References - 32 Gunther, R. and J.
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References - 34 Harfenist, A., T. P
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References - 36 Herkovits, J. and C
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References - 38 Hota, A. K. and M.C
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References - 40 Johnson, C.R. 1972a
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References - 42 Karns, D.R. 1984. T
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References - 44 Kraskowski, H.V., K
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References - 46 Leblanc, G.A. and L
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References - 48 Lotshaw, D.P. 1977.
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References - 50 Massot, M., J. Clob
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References - 52 Mendonca, M., J. Sh
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References - 54 Munro, D.F. 1949. E
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References - 56 Oliveira, E.M., D.V
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References - 58 Paulov, S. 1977b. T
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References - 60 Pierce, M.E. 1958.
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References - 62 Raj, T.P., A. Jeban
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References - 64 Rolfe, G. L., A. Ha
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References - 66 Sassaman, J.F. 1978
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References - 68 Semlitsch, R.D. and
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References - 70 Sparling, D.W., T.P
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References - 72 Surova, G.S. and A.
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References - 74 Tomar, V. and A. K.
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References - 76 Vijverberg, H.P.M.,
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References - 78 White, D.H. and A.J
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References - 80 Wyman, R.L. and J.
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Appendix 1a: Species codes in alpha
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Appendix 1a - Species Codes - 3 Cla
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Appendix 1a - Species Codes - 11 Cl
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Appendix 1a - Species Codes - 13 Cl
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Appendix 1b - Species Common Names
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Appendix 1c - Species Scientific Na
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Appendix 2a: Contaminant codes foun
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Appendix 2a - Contaminant Codes - 3
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Appendix 2b: Contaminants sorted by
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Appendix 2b - Contaminant Type - 3
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Appendix 4: Descriptions of exposur
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Appendix 6a: Glossary of Abbreviati
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Appendix 6b: Relevant biological an
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Appendix 6b - Glossary of RATL term
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RATL: A Database of Reptile and Amphibian Toxicology Literature

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